number,group,order,family,genus.A,species.A,genus.B,species.B,win.A,win.B,sum.win,binom.test,prop.won,interaction.data.reference,mass.A,mass.B,larger.dom?,%.diff.mass,mass.reference
1,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Gyps,africanus,Necrosyrtes,monachus,17,0,17,0.000015,1.0000,"Kruuk, H. 1967. Competition for food between vultures in east Africa. Ardea 55:171-193 (N=2 (2,0), Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, Table 2, page 185); Anderson, D. J. and R. J. Horwitz. 1979. Competitive interactions among vultures and their avian competitors. Ibis 121:505-509 (N=6 (6,0), Amboseli National Park, Kenya, Table 2, page 506); König, C. 1983. Interspecific and intraspecific competition for food among Old World vultures. In: Vulture Biology and Management. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Pp.153–171 (N=9 (9,0), Kruger National Park, South Africa, text on page 163).  ",5575,2010,1,177.36%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
2,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Gyps,coprotheres,Gyps,africanus,43,4,47,0.000000,0.9149,"König, C. 1983. Interspecific and intraspecific competition for food among Old World vultures. In: Vulture Biology and Management. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Pp.153–171 (N=47 (43,4), Kruger National Park, South Africa, text on pages 161, 163).   ",8600,5450,1,57.80%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
3,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Gyps,himalayensis,Gyps,bengalensis,6,1,7,0.125000,0.8571,"Grubh, R. B. 1979. Competition and co-existence in griffon vultures: Gyps bengalensis, G. indicus and G. fulvus in Gir Forest. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 75:810-814 (N=7, Gir Forest, Gujarat, India, Table 1, page 812). [note: Gyps fulvus = Gyps himalayensis]",10000,4385,1,128.05%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
4,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Gyps,himalayensis,Gyps,indicus,10,5,15,0.301800,0.6667,"Grubh, R. B. 1979. Competition and co-existence in griffon vultures: Gyps bengalensis, G. indicus and G. fulvus in Gir Forest. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 75:810-814 (N=15, Gir Forest, Gujarat, India, Table 1, page 812). [note: Gyps fulvus = Gyps himalayensis]",10000,5515,1,81.32%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
5,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Gyps,indicus,Gyps,bengalensis,32,20,52,0.126300,0.6154,"Grubh, R. B. 1979. Competition and co-existence in griffon vultures: Gyps bengalensis, G. indicus and G. fulvus in Gir Forest. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 75:810-814 (N=52, Gir Forest, Gujarat, India, Table 1, page 812).",5515,4385,1,25.77%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
6,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Gyps,rueppellii,Gyps,africanus,57,23,80,0.000183,0.7125,"Kruuk, H. 1967. Competition for food between vultures in east Africa. Ardea 55:171-193 (N=50 (43,7), Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, Table 2, page 185); Anderson, D. J. and R. J. Horwitz. 1979. Competitive interactions among vultures and their avian competitors. Ibis 121:505-509 (N=30 (14,16), Amboseli National Park, Kenya, Table 2, page 506).",6400,5700,1,12.28%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
7,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Torgos,tracheliotus,Gyps,africanus,47,3,50,0.000000,0.9400,"Kruuk, H. 1967. Competition for food between vultures in east Africa. Ardea 55:171-193 (N=38 (37,1), Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, Table 2, page 185); Anderson, D. J. and R. J. Horwitz. 1979. Competitive interactions among vultures and their avian competitors. Ibis 121:505-509 (N=12 (10,2), Amboseli National Park, Kenya, Table 2, page 506).",7500,5700,1,31.58%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
8,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Torgos,tracheliotus,Gyps,rueppellii,17,3,20,0.002577,0.8500,"Kruuk, H. 1967. Competition for food between vultures in east Africa. Ardea 55:171-193 (N=16 (15,1), Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, Table 2, page 185); Anderson, D. J. and R. J. Horwitz. 1979. Competitive interactions among vultures and their avian competitors. Ibis 121:505-509 (N=4 (2,2), Amboseli National Park, Kenya, Table 2, page 506).",7500,6400,1,17.19%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
9,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Torgos,tracheliotus,Trigonoceps,occipitalis,15,0,15,0.000061,1.0000,"Kruuk, H. 1967. Competition for food between vultures in east Africa. Ardea 55:171-193 (N=15 (15,0), Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, Table 2, page 185).",7500,5900,1,27.12%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
10,vultures,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Trigonoceps,occipitalis,Gyps,africanus,19,1,20,0.000040,0.9500,"König, C. 1983. Interspecific and intraspecific competition for food among Old World vultures. In: Vulture Biology and Management. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Pp.153–171 (N=20 (19,1), Kruger National Park, South Africa, text on pages 161, 163).  ",4245,5450,0,-22.11%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
11,vultures,Accipitriformes,Cathartidae,Cathartes,aura,Cathartes,burrovianus,14,0,14,0.000122,1.0000,"Kirk, D. A. 1988. Ecological separation of small cathartid vultures in South America. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow, Scotland (N=14 (14,0), Hato Masaguaral, Guárico, Venezuela, text on page 138).",1220,950,1,28.42%,"Kirk, D. A. 1988. Ecological separation of small cathartid vultures in South America. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow, Scotland."
12,vultures,Accipitriformes,Cathartidae,Cathartes,aura,Coragyps,atratus,724,482,1206,0.000000,0.6003,"Wallace, M. P. and S. A. Temple. 1987. Competitive interactions within and between species in a guild of avian scavengers. Auk 104:290-295 (N=863 (483,380), northern Peru, Table 1, page 292); Houston, D. C. 1988. Competition for food in Neotropical vultures in forest. Ibis 130:402-417 (N=45 (16,29), Hato Masaguaral, Guárico, Venezuela, Table 3, page 411); Kirk, D. A. 1988. Ecological separation of small cathartid vultures in South America. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow, Scotland (N=169 (153,16), Hato Masaguaral, Guárico, Venezuela, Table 5.17, page 120); Buckley, N. J. 1996. Food finding and the influence of information, local enhancement, and communal roosting on foraging success of North American vultures. Auk 113:473-488 (N=129 (72,57), southern Texas, USA, text on page 481).",1590,1660,0,-4.22%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
13,vultures,Accipitriformes,Cathartidae,Coragyps,atratus,Cathartes,burrovianus,7,2,9,0.179700,0.7778,"Houston, D. C. 1988. Competition for food in Neotropical vultures in forest. Ibis 130:402-417 (N=9, Hato Masaguaral, Guárico, Venezuela, Table 3, page 411).",1820,960,1,89.58%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
14,vultures,Accipitriformes,Cathartidae,Sarcoramphus,papa,Cathartes,aura,307,2,309,0.000000,0.9935,"Wallace, M. P. and S. A. Temple. 1987. Competitive interactions within and between species in a guild of avian scavengers. Auk 104:290-295 (N=148 (148,0), northern Peru, Table 1, page 292); Houston, D. C. 1988. Competition for food in Neotropical vultures in forest. Ibis 130:402-417 (N=16 (16,0), Hato Masaguaral, Guárico, Venezuela, Table 3, page 411); Kirk, D. A. 1988. Ecological separation of small cathartid vultures in South America. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow, Scotland (N=145 (143,2), Hato Masaguaral, Guárico, Venezuela, Table 5.17, page 120).",3370,1590,1,111.95%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
15,vultures,Accipitriformes,Cathartidae,Sarcoramphus,papa,Coragyps,atratus,2253,21,2274,0.000000,0.9908,"Wallace, M. P. and S. A. Temple. 1987. Competitive interactions within and between species in a guild of avian scavengers. Auk 104:290-295 (N=2142 (2121,21), northern Peru, Table 1, page 292); Houston, D. C. 1988. Competition for food in Neotropical vultures in forest. Ibis 130:402-417 (N=33 (33,0), Hato Masaguaral, Guárico, Venezuela, Table 3, page 411); Kirk, D. A. 1988. Ecological separation of small cathartid vultures in South America. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow, Scotland (N=99 (99,0), Hato Masaguaral, Guárico, Venezuela, Table 5.17, page 120).",3370,1660,1,103.01%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
16,vultures,Accipitriformes,Cathartidae,Vultur,gryphus,Cathartes,aura,682,0,682,0.000000,1.0000,"Wallace, M. P. and S. A. Temple. 1987. Competitive interactions within and between species in a guild of avian scavengers. Auk 104:290-295 (N=682 (682,0), northern Peru, Table 1, page 292).",11300,1400,1,707.14%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
17,vultures,Accipitriformes,Cathartidae,Vultur,gryphus,Coragyps,atratus,769,49,818,0.000000,0.9401,"Wallace, M. P. and S. A. Temple. 1987. Competitive interactions within and between species in a guild of avian scavengers. Auk 104:290-295 (N=818 (769,49), northern Peru, Table 1, page 292).",11300,1500,1,653.33%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
18,vultures,Accipitriformes,Cathartidae,Vultur,gryphus,Sarcoramphus,papa,185,0,185,0.000000,1.0000,"Wallace, M. P. and S. A. Temple. 1987. Competitive interactions within and between species in a guild of avian scavengers. Auk 104:290-295 (N=185 (185,0), northern Peru, Table 1, page 292).",11300,3400,1,232.35%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
19,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Aglaeactis,cupripennis,Lafresnaya,lafresnayi,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Altshuler, D. L., F. G. Stiles, and R. Dudley. 2004. Of hummingbirds and helicopters: hovering costs, competitive ability, and foraging strategies. American Naturalist 163:16-25 (N=3 (3,0), Pillahuata, Cuzco, Peru, Appendix Table A1); Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=3 (3,0), Papallacta, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",7.55,5.3,1,42.45%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
20,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,beryllina,Amazilia,violiceps,10,0,10,0.001953,1.0000,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=8, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Martinez Del Rio, C. and L. Eguiarte. 1987. Bird visitation to Agave salmiana: comparisons among hummingbirds and perching birds. Condor 89:357-363 (N=2, Distrito Federal, Mexico, Table 1, page 359).",4.5,5.1,0,-11.76%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
21,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,beryllina,Basilinna,leucotis,17,8,25,0.107800,0.6800,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=3 (2,1), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Martinez Del Rio, C. and L. Eguiarte. 1987. Bird visitation to Agave salmiana: comparisons among hummingbirds and perching birds. Condor 89:357-363 (N=22 (15,7), Distrito Federal, Mexico, Table 1, page 359).",4.6,3.8,1,21.05%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
22,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,beryllina,Cynanthus,latirostris,16,0,16,0.000031,1.0000,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=16, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26). ",4.6,3,1,53.33%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
23,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,beryllina,Selasphorus,calliope,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=9, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26). ",4.6,2.7,1,70.37%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
24,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,brevirostris,Chlorestes,notatus,11,0,11,0.000977,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=11, Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad, Table 3, page 10). [note: Amazilia brevirostris = Amazilia chionopectus]",4.42,3.69,1,19.78%,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28."
25,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,lactea,Chlorostilbon,lucidus,35,4,39,0.000000,0.8974,"Machado, C. G., A. G. Coelho, C. S. Santana, and M. Rodrigues. 2007. Beija-flores e seus recursos florais em uma área de campo rupestre da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia. Revista Bresileira de Ornitologia 15:267-279 (N=29 (29,0), Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, Table 2, page 269); Machado, C. G. 2009. Beija-flores (Aves: Trochilidae) e seus recursos florais em uma área de caatinga da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil. Zoologica 26:255-265 (N=10 (6,4), Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, Tabela III, page 259).",4.31,3.94,1,9.39%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
26,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,rutila,Amazilia,beryllina,4,2,6,0.687500,0.6667,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=6, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26). ",4.8,4.6,1,4.35%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
27,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,rutila,Amazilia,saucerrottei,345,67,412,0.000000,0.8374,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14 (N=375 (320,55), Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 8, page 11 [note: data in Table 8 are included within Table 9]); Stiles, F. G. and L. L. Wolf. 1970. Hummingbird territoriality at a tropical flowering tree. Auk 87:467-491 (N=37 (25,12), Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 6, page 482 [note: Table 7 data are included within Wolf 1970, Table 9]).",5.05,4.98,1,1.41%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
28,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,rutila,Chlorostilbon,canivetii,34,0,34,0.000000,1.0000,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14 (N=5 (5,0), Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 8, page 11 [note: data in Table 8 are included within Table 9]); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=3 (3,0), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Arizmendi, M. C., and J. F. Ornelas. 1990. Hummingbirds and their floral resources in a tropical dry forest in Mexico. Biotropica 22:172-180 (N=26 (26,0), Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico, Table 5, page 178).",4.95,3.15,1,57.14%,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14."
29,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,rutila,Cynanthus,latirostris,40,1,41,0.000000,0.9756,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=6 (5,1), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Arizmendi, M. C., and J. F. Ornelas. 1990. Hummingbirds and their floral resources in a tropical dry forest in Mexico. Biotropica 22:172-180 (N=35 (35,0), Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico, Table 5, page 178).",4.8,3,1,60.00%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
30,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,rutila,Heliomaster,constantii,39,8,47,0.000006,0.8298,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14 (N=3 (3,0), Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 8, page 11 [note: data in Table 8 are included within Table 9]); Arizmendi, M. C., and J. F. Ornelas. 1990. Hummingbirds and their floral resources in a tropical dry forest in Mexico. Biotropica 22:172-180 (N=44 (36,8), Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico, Table 5, page 178).",4.95,8,0,-38.13%,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14."
31,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,saucerrottei,Archilochus,colubris,14,0,14,0.000122,1.0000,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14 (N=14, Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 8, page 11 [note: data in Table 8 are included within Table 9]).",4.9,3.38,1,44.97%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
32,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,saucerrottei,Calliphlox,bryantae,82,1,83,0.000000,0.9880,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=83, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.45,3.37,1,32.05%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
33,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,saucerrottei,Chlorostilbon,canivetii,72,1,73,0.000000,0.9863,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14 (N=4 (4,0), Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 8, page 11 [note: data in Table 8 are included within Table 9]); Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=69 (68,1), Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.45,2.55,1,74.51%,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291."
34,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,saucerrottei,Colibri,thalassinus,27,11,38,0.013850,0.7105,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=38, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.45,5.24,0,-15.08%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
35,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,saucerrottei,Elvira,cupreiceps,8,0,8,0.007812,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=8, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.45,3.12,1,42.63%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
36,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,saucerrottei,Eupherusa,eximia,28,6,34,0.000195,0.8235,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=34, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.45,4.23,1,5.20%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
37,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,saucerrottei,Hylocharis,eliciae,33,3,36,0.000000,0.9167,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=36, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.45,3.59,1,23.96%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
38,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tobaci,Amazilia,brevirostris,32,8,40,0.000182,0.8000,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=40, Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad, Table 3, page 10). [note: Amazilia brevirostris = Amazilia chionopectus]",4.32,4.42,0,-2.26%,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28."
39,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tobaci,Chlorestes,notatus,28,0,28,0.000000,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=28, Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad, Table 3, page 10).",4.32,3.69,1,17.07%,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28."
40,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tobaci,Chrysolampis,mosquitus,94,9,103,0.000000,0.9126,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=11 (10,1), Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad; N=92 (84,8), Hillsborough Dam, Tobago, Table 3, page 10, both locations).",4.32,4.09,1,5.62%,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28."
41,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tobaci,Glaucis,hirsutus,80,2,82,0.000000,0.9756,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=38 (38,0), Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad; N=44 (42,2), Hillsborough Dam, Tobago, Table 3, page 10, both locations).",4.32,6.61,0,-34.64%,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28."
42,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tobaci,Phaethornis,longuemareus,11,0,11,0.000977,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=11, Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad, Table 3, page 10).",4.32,2.87,1,50.52%,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28."
43,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tzacatl,Amazilia,franciae,39,1,40,0.000000,0.9750,"Snow, D. W. and B. K. Snow. 1980. Relationships between hummingbirds and flowers in the Andes of Colombia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoological Series 38:105-139 (N=1 (1,0), Togui, Boyacá, Colombia, text on page 131); Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=39 (38,1), Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",5.01,5,1,0.20%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
44,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tzacatl,Amazilia,saucerrottei,9,4,13,0.266800,0.6923,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14 (N=2 (2,0), Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 8, page 11 [note: data in Table 8 are included within Table 9]); Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=11 (7,4), Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",5.06,4.68,1,8.12%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
45,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tzacatl,Discosura,conversii,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=6, Mindo (Milpe), Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",5.22,2.74,1,90.51%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
46,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tzacatl,Ocreatus,underwoodii,10,0,10,0.001953,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=10, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",5.22,2.78,1,87.77%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
47,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,tzacatl,Thalurania,fannyi,32,4,36,0.000002,0.8889,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=36, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",5.22,4.26,1,22.54%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
48,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,violiceps,Basilinna,leucotis,9,1,10,0.021480,0.9000,"Martinez Del Rio, C. and L. Eguiarte. 1987. Bird visitation to Agave salmiana: comparisons among hummingbirds and perching birds. Condor 89:357-363 (N=10, Distrito Federal, Mexico, Table 1, page 359).",5.1,3.4,1,50.00%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
49,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,violiceps,Cynanthus,latirostris,7,1,8,0.070310,0.8750,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=8, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26). ",5.1,3.1,1,64.52%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
50,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Amazilia,violiceps,Selasphorus,rufus,6,2,8,0.289100,0.7500,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=2 (2,0), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Baltosser, W. H. 1989. Nectar availability and habitat selection by hummingbirds in Guadalupe Canyon. Wilson Bulletin 101:559-578 (N=6 (4,2), Guadalupe Canyon, New Mexico/Arizona, USA, Table 7, page 572).",5.1,3.5,1,45.71%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
51,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Anthracothorax,nigricollis,Amazilia,brevirostris,3,3,6,1.000000,0.5000,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=6, Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad, Table 3, page 10). [note: Amazilia brevirostris = Amazilia chionopectus]",6.97,4.42,0,NA,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28."
52,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Anthracothorax,nigricollis,Amazilia,tobaci,16,10,26,0.326900,0.6154,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=21 (13,8), Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad; N=5 (3,2), Hillsborough Dam, Tobago, Table 3, page 10, both locations).",6.97,4.32,1,61.34%,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28."
53,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Anthracothorax,nigricollis,Chlorestes,notatus,13,0,13,0.000244,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=13, Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad, Table 3, page 10).",6.97,3.69,1,88.89%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
54,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Anthracothorax,nigricollis,Chrysolampis,mosquitus,33,9,42,0.000272,0.7857,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=23 (19,4), Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad; N=19 (14,5), Hillsborough Dam, Tobago, Table 3, page 10, both locations).",7.11,4.3,1,65.35%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
55,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Anthracothorax,nigricollis,Florisuga,mellivora,12,1,13,0.003418,0.9231,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=1 (1,0), Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad; N=12 (11,1), Hillsborough Dam, Tobago, Table 3, page 10, both locations).",7.24,7.95,0,-8.93%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
56,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Anthracothorax,nigricollis,Hylocharis,chrysura,5,2,7,0.453100,0.7143,"Rodrigues, L. C. and A. C. Araujo. 2011. The hummingbird community and their floral resources in an urban forest remnant in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology 71:611-622 (N=7, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, Table 4, page 618). [dominance relationship corrected from Martin and Ghalambor 2014, where misread from original table]",7.22,4.51,1,60.09%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
57,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Anthracothorax,viridis,Anthracothorax,dominicus,17,2,19,0.000729,0.8947,"Kodric-Brown, A., J. H. Brown, G. S. Byers, and D. F. Gori. 1984. Organization of a tropical island community of hummingbirds and flowers. Ecology 65:1358-1368 (N=19, several study sites in sw Puerto Rico, text on page 1360).",6.6,5.8,1,13.79%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
58,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Archilochus,alexandri,Calothorax,lucifer,323,3,326,0.000000,0.9908,"Kuban, J. F., J. Lawley, and R. L. Neill. 1983. The partitioning of flowering century plants by Black-chinned and Lucifer hummingbirds. Southwestern Naturalist 28:143-148 (N=326, Big Bend National Park, Texas, USA, Table 2, page 146).",3.4,3.3,1,3.03%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
59,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Archilochus,alexandri,Calypte,costae,15,9,24,0.307500,0.6250,"Stiles, F. G. 1973. Food supply and the annual cycle of the Anna Hummingbird. University of California Publications in Zoology 97:1-109 (N=24, males only, Santa Monica Mountains, California, USA, Table 11, page 60) ",3.23,3.12,1,3.53%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
60,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Basilinna,leucotis,Atthis,heloisa,70,0,70,0.000000,1.0000,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299 (N=54 (54,0), Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, Table 4, page 290); Lara, C., V. Martínez-García, and R. Ortiz-Pulido. 2011. Temporal-spatial segregation among hummingbirds foraging on honeydew in a temperate forest in Mexico. Current Zoology 57:56-62 (N=16 (16,0), Tlahuiltepa, Hidalgo, Mexico, text on page 59).",3.4,2.7,1,25.93%,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299."
61,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Basilinna,leucotis,Selasphorus,platycercus,34,4,38,0.000001,0.8947,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=38, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26). ",3.8,3.6,1,5.56%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
62,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Basilinna,leucotis,Selasphorus,rufus,6,2,8,0.289100,0.7500,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=8, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26). ",3.8,3.2,1,18.75%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
63,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Adelomyia,melanogenys,21,0,21,0.000001,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=19 (19,0), Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador; N=2 (2,0), Guango, Napo, Ecuador, both locations Table S2).",8.2,4.4,1,86.36%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
64,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Aglaiocercus,coelestis,15,0,15,0.000061,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=15, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,5.14,1,59.53%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
65,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Boissonneaua,matthewsii,10,3,13,0.092290,0.7692,"Martin, P.R., N=13, unpublished observations from Guango, Napo province, Ecuador",8.2,7.7,1,6.49%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
66,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Coeligena,torquata,19,0,19,0.000004,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=19, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,7.67,1,6.91%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
67,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Coeligena,wilsoni,7,1,8,0.070310,0.8750,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=8, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,6.78,1,20.94%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
68,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Colibri,thalassinus,14,0,14,0.000122,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=14, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,5.05,1,62.38%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
69,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Heliangelus,strophianus,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=7, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,5.5,1,49.09%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
70,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Heliodoxa,imperatrix,10,0,10,0.001953,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=10, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,8.8,0,-6.82%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
71,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Heliodoxa,rubinoides,41,1,42,0.000000,0.9762,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=42, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,7.74,1,5.94%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
72,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Ocreatus,underwoodii,31,0,31,0.000000,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=31, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,2.78,1,194.96%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
73,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,flavescens,Urosticte,benjamini,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=7, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.2,3.9,1,110.26%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
74,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,jardini,Boissonneaua,flavescens,46,1,47,0.000000,0.9787,"Martin, P.R., N=47, unpublished observations from Tandayapa, Pinchincha province, Ecuador. ",9.1,8.2,1,10.98%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
75,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,jardini,Heliodoxa,imperatrix,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=6, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",9.1,8.8,1,3.41%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
76,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,jardini,Heliodoxa,rubinoides,19,1,20,0.000040,0.9500,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=20, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",9.1,7.8,1,16.67%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
77,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,jardini,Ocreatus,underwoodii,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=6, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",9.1,3,1,203.33%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
78,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,matthewsii,Coeligena,coeligena,13,0,13,0.000244,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=13, San Isidro, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",7.7,6.75,1,14.07%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
79,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,matthewsii,Coeligena,torquata,6,2,8,0.289100,0.7500,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=8, Guango/San Isidro, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",7.7,7.67,1,0.39%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
80,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Boissonneaua,matthewsii,Heliangelus,exortis,10,1,11,0.011720,0.9091,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=11, Guango, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",7.7,4.6,1,67.39%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
81,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Calothorax,lucifer,Cynanthus,latirostris,6,1,7,0.125000,0.8571,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=7, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26).  ",3.3,3.1,1,6.45%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
82,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Calothorax,lucifer,Selasphorus,platycercus,7,2,9,0.179700,0.7778,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=9, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26). ",3.3,3.55,0,-7.04%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
83,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Calypte,anna,Archilochus,alexandri,34,12,46,0.001641,0.7391,"Stiles, F. G. 1973. Food supply and the annual cycle of the Anna Hummingbird. University of California Publications in Zoology 97:1-109 (N=46, adult males only, Santa Monica Mountains, California, USA, Table 11, page 60). ",4.24,3.23,1,31.27%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
84,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Calypte,anna,Calypte,costae,23,3,26,0.000088,0.8846,"Stiles, F. G. 1973. Food supply and the annual cycle of the Anna Hummingbird. University of California Publications in Zoology 97:1-109 (N=25 (23,2), adult males only, Santa Monica Mountains, California, USA, Table 11, page 60); Avery, M. L. and C. van Riper III. 1993. Post-breeding territoriality and foraging behavior in Costa's Hummingbird (Calypte costae). Southwestern Naturalist 38:374-406 (N=1 (0,1), Pinnacles National Monument, California, USA, text on page 376; corrected from Martin and Ghalambor 2014 where incorrectly recorded as C. anna dominant).",4.24,3.12,1,35.90%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
85,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Calypte,anna,Selasphorus,rufus,19,2,21,0.000221,0.9048,"Stiles, F. G. 1973. Food supply and the annual cycle of the Anna Hummingbird. University of California Publications in Zoology 97:1-109 (N=21, males only, Santa Monica Mountains, California, USA, Table 11, page 60). ",4.24,3.24,1,30.86%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
86,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Chlorestes,notatus,Chrysolampis,mosquitus,5,3,8,0.726600,0.6250,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=8, Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad, Table 3, page 10).",3.69,4.09,0,-9.78%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
87,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Chlorostilbon,canivetii,Calliphlox,bryantae,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=6, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",2.55,3.365,0,-24.22%,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291."
88,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Chlorostilbon,lucidus,Heliomaster,squamosus,77,9,86,0.000000,0.8953,"Las-Casas, F. M. G., S. M. Azevedo Júnior, and M. M. Dias Filho. 2012. The community of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) and the assemblage of flowers in a Caatinga vegetation. Brazilian Journal of Biology 72:51-58 (N=86, Serra do Pará, Pernambuco, Brazil, Table 3, page 55).",3.5,5.9,0,-40.68%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
89,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Chrysolampis,mosquitus,Chlorostilbon,lucidus,20,15,35,0.499600,0.5714,"Machado, C. G., A. G. Coelho, C. S. Santana, and M. Rodrigues. 2007. Beija-flores e seus recursos florais em uma área de campo rupestre da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia. Revista Bresileira de Ornitologia 15:267-279 (N=16 (14,2), Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, Table 2, page 269); Machado, C. G. 2009. Beija-flores (Aves: Trochilidae) e seus recursos florais em uma área de caatinga da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil. Zoologica 26:255-265 (N=5 (3,2), Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, Tabela III, page 259); Las-Casas, F. M. G., S. M. Azevedo Júnior, and M. M. Dias Filho. 2012. The community of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) and the assemblage of flowers in a Caatinga vegetation. Brazilian Journal of Biology 72:51-58 (N=14 (3,11), Serra do Pará, Pernambuco, Brazil, Table 3, page 55).",3.5,3.94,0,-11.17%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
90,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Coeligena,torquata,Adelomyia,melanogenys,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=5 (5,0), Guango/San Isidro, Napo, Ecuador; N=1 (1,0), Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2 for both locations).",7.67,4.4,1,74.32%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
91,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Coeligena,torquata,Coeligena,coeligena,20,0,20,0.000002,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=20, San Isidro, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",7.67,6.75,1,13.63%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
92,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,coruscans,Colibri,thalassinus,13,1,14,0.001831,0.9286,"Moynihan, M. 1979. Geographic variation in social behavior and in adaptations to competition among Andean birds. Publications of the Nuttall Ornithological Club No. 18 (N=1 (0,1), Machu Picchu, Cuzco, Peru, text on page 68); Snow, D. W. and B. K. Snow. 1980. Relationships between hummingbirds and flowers in the Andes of Colombia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoological Series 38:105-139 (N=1 (1,0), Cerro Carare, Togui, Boyacá, Colombia, text on page 128); Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=12 (12,0), San Isidro, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",7.8,5.3,1,47.17%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
93,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,serrirostris,Chlorostilbon,lucidus,8,2,10,0.109400,0.8000,"Machado, C. G., A. G. Coelho, C. S. Santana, and M. Rodrigues. 2007. Beija-flores e seus recursos florais em uma área de campo rupestre da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia. Revista Bresileira de Ornitologia 15:267-279 (N=10, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, Table 2, page 269).",6.67,3.94,1,69.29%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
94,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,thalassinus,Adelomyia,melanogenys,14,0,14,0.000122,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=3 (3,0), San Isidro, Napo, Ecuador; N=11 (11,0), Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2 for both locations).",5.05,4.4,1,14.77%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
95,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,thalassinus,Aglaiocercus,coelestis,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=9, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",5.05,5.14,0,-1.75%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
96,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,thalassinus,Calliphlox,bryantae,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=6, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",5.24,3.37,1,55.49%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
97,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,thalassinus,Coeligena,wilsoni,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=6, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",5.05,6.78,0,-25.52%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
98,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,thalassinus,Eupherusa,eximia,7,1,8,0.070310,0.8750,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=8, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",5.24,4.23,1,23.88%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
99,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,thalassinus,Heliodoxa,rubinoides,15,0,15,0.000061,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=1 (1,0), San Isidro, Napo, Ecuador; N=14 (14,0), Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2 for both locations).",5.05,7.74,0,-34.75%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
100,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,thalassinus,Selasphorus,platycercus,12,0,12,0.000488,1.0000,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=12, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26).  ",5.4,3.6,1,50.00%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
101,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Colibri,thalassinus,Selasphorus,rufus,6,3,9,0.507800,0.6667,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=9, Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26).   ",5.4,3.2,1,68.75%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
102,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Cynanthus,latirostris,Chlorostilbon,canivetii,6,2,8,0.289100,0.7500,"DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=7 (5,2), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Arizmendi, M. C., and J. F. Ornelas. 1990. Hummingbirds and their floral resources in a tropical dry forest in Mexico. Biotropica 22:172-180 (N=1 (1,0), Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico, Table 5, page 178).",2.9,2.1,1,38.10%,"Arizmendi, M. C., and J. F. Ornelas. 1990. Hummingbirds and their floral resources in a tropical dry forest in Mexico. Biotropica 22:172-180."
103,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eugenes,fulgens,Amazilia,beryllina,14,0,14,0.000122,1.0000,"Martinez Del Rio, C. and L. Eguiarte. 1987. Bird visitation to Agave salmiana: comparisons among hummingbirds and perching birds. Condor 89:357-363 (N=14, Distrito Federal, Mexico, Table 1, page 359).",8.5,4.6,1,84.78%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
104,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eugenes,fulgens,Amazilia,violiceps,19,13,32,0.377100,0.5938,"Martinez Del Rio, C. and L. Eguiarte. 1987. Bird visitation to Agave salmiana: comparisons among hummingbirds and perching birds. Condor 89:357-363 (N=32, Distrito Federal, Mexico, Table 1, page 359).",8.5,5.1,1,66.67%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741; Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
105,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eugenes,fulgens,Basilinna,leucotis,571,2,573,0.000000,0.9965,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299 (N=482 (482,0), Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, Table 4, page 290); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=6 (4,2), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Martinez Del Rio, C. and L. Eguiarte. 1987. Bird visitation to Agave salmiana: comparisons among hummingbirds and perching birds. Condor 89:357-363 (N=85 (85,0), Distrito Federal, Mexico, Table 1, page 359).",7.78,3.6,1,116.11%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
106,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eugenes,fulgens,Colibri,thalassinus,45,2,47,0.000000,0.9574,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299 (N=29 (29,0), Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, Table 4, page 290); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=3 (1,2), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Lara, C., V. Martínez-García, and R. Ortiz-Pulido. 2011. Temporal-spatial segregation among hummingbirds foraging on honeydew in a temperate forest in Mexico. Current Zoology 57:56-62 (N=15 (15,0), Tlahuiltepa, Hidalgo, Mexico, text on page 59).",7.53,5.55,1,35.68%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
107,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eugenes,fulgens,Lampornis,amethystinus,25,0,25,0.000000,1.0000,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299 (N=24 (24,0), Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, Table 4, page 290); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=1 (1,0), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26). ",7.78,6.15,1,26.50%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
108,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eulampis,holosericeus,Orthorhyncus,cristatus,19,7,26,0.028960,0.7308,"Leck, C. F. 1973. Dominance relationships in nectar-feeding birds at St. Croix. Auk 90:431-432 (N=26, Fairleigh-Dickinson University West Indies Laboratory, Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, Figure 1, page 431).",4,3,1,33.33%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
109,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eupetomena,macroura,Chlorostilbon,lucidus,214,111,325,0.000000,0.6585,"Las-Casas, F. M. G., S. M. Azevedo Júnior, and M. M. Dias Filho. 2012. The community of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) and the assemblage of flowers in a Caatinga vegetation. Brazilian Journal of Biology 72:51-58 (N=325, Serra do Pará, Pernambuco, Brazil, Table 3, page 55).",9.01,3.94,1,128.68%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
110,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eupetomena,macroura,Heliomaster,squamosus,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Las-Casas, F. M. G., S. M. Azevedo Júnior, and M. M. Dias Filho. 2012. The community of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) and the assemblage of flowers in a Caatinga vegetation. Brazilian Journal of Biology 72:51-58 (N=9, Serra do Pará, Pernambuco, Brazil, Table 3, page 55).",9,5.9,1,52.54%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
111,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eupherusa,eximia,Elvira,cupreiceps,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=7, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.23,3.12,1,35.58%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
112,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Eutoxeres,aquila,Phaethornis,longirostris,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Stiles, F. G. and L. L. Wolf. 1979. Ecology and evolution of lek mating behavior in the Long-tailed Hermit hummingbird. Ornithological Monographs No. 27 (N=7, La Selva, Heredia, Costa Rica, Table 7, page 29). [note: Phaethornis superciliosus split; this population = Phaethornis longirostris]",11,5.99,1,83.64%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
113,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Glaucis,aeneus,Phaethornis,longirostris,15,12,27,0.701100,0.5556,"Stiles, F. G. and L. L. Wolf. 1979. Ecology and evolution of lek mating behavior in the Long-tailed Hermit hummingbird. Ornithological Monographs No. 27 (N=27, La Selva, Heredia, Costa Rica, Table 7, page 29). [note: Glaucis hirsuta split; this population = Glaucis aeneus; note: Phaethornis superciliosus also split; this population = Phaethornis longirostris]",5.3,5.99,0,-11.52%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
114,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliangelus,amethysticollis,Adelomyia,melanogenys,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Snow, D. W. and B. K. Snow. 1980. Relationships between hummingbirds and flowers in the Andes of Colombia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoological Series 38:105-139 (N=7 (7,0), Cerro Carare, Togui, Boyacá, Colombia, text on pages 126); Altshuler, D. L., F. G. Stiles, and R. Dudley. 2004. Of hummingbirds and helicopters: hovering costs, competitive ability, and foraging strategies. American Naturalist 163:16-25 (N=2 (2,0), San Pedro, Cuzco, Peru, Table A1).",5.9,4.2,1,40.48%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
115,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliangelus,exortis,Adelomyia,melanogenys,6,1,7,0.125000,0.8571,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=7, Guango, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",4.6,4.4,1,4.55%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
116,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliangelus,exortis,Aglaiocercus,kingi,10,0,10,0.001953,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=10, Guango, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",4.6,4.85,0,-5.15%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
117,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliangelus,exortis,Metallura,tyrianthina,18,0,18,0.000008,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=18, Guango, Napo, Ecuador, Table S2).",4.6,3.4,1,35.29%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
118,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliodoxa,imperatrix,Amazilia,franciae,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=7, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.8,5,1,76.00%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
119,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliodoxa,imperatrix,Amazilia,tzacatl,13,1,14,0.001831,0.9286,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=14, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.8,5.22,1,68.58%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
120,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliodoxa,imperatrix,Heliodoxa,rubinoides,10,4,14,0.179600,0.7143,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=14, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.8,7.74,1,13.70%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
121,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliodoxa,jacula,Amazilia,franciae,11,0,11,0.000977,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=11, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.52,5,1,70.40%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
122,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliodoxa,jacula,Amazilia,tzacatl,9,1,10,0.021480,0.9000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=10, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.52,5.22,1,63.22%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
123,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliodoxa,jacula,Phaethornis,yaruqui,11,1,12,0.006348,0.9167,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=12, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.52,5.4,1,57.78%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
124,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliodoxa,jacula,Thalurania,fannyi,27,1,28,0.000000,0.9643,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=28, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",8.52,4.26,1,100.00%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
125,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Heliodoxa,rubinoides,Aglaiocercus,coelestis,6,1,7,0.125000,0.8571,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=7, Tandayapa, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",7.74,5.14,1,50.58%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
126,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Hylocharis,chrysura,Chlorostilbon,lucidus,16,10,26,0.326900,0.6154,"Rodrigues, L. C. and A. C. Araujo. 2011. The hummingbird community and their floral resources in an urban forest remnant in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology 71:611-622 (N=26, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, Table 4, page 618). [dominance relationship corrected from Martin and Ghalambor 2014, where misread from original table]",4.51,3.94,1,14.47%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
127,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Hylocharis,eliciae,Calliphlox,bryantae,12,1,13,0.003418,0.9231,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=13, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",3.59,3.37,1,6.53%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
128,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Hylocharis,eliciae,Eupherusa,eximia,6,1,7,0.125000,0.8571,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=7, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",3.59,4.23,0,-15.13%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
129,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Lampornis,calolaemus,Amazilia,saucerrottei,15,0,15,0.000061,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=15, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.92,4.45,1,10.56%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
130,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Lampornis,calolaemus,Calliphlox,bryantae,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P. 1976. Organization of a tropical guild of nectarivorous birds. Ecological Monographs 46:257-291 (N=9, Monteverde, Costa Rica, Table 3, page 267).",4.92,3.37,1,45.99%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
131,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Lampornis,clemenciae,Archilochus,alexandri,71,0,71,0.000000,1.0000,"Lyon, D. L., J. Crandall, and M. McKone. 1977. A test of the adaptiveness of interspecific territoriality in the Blue-throated Hummingbird. Auk 94:448-454 (N=12 (12,0), Cave Creek Canyon, Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, USA, Table 3, page 451); Powers, D. R. and T. M. Conley. 1994. Field metabolic rate and food consumption of two sympatric hummingbird species in southeastern Arizona. Condor 96:141-150 (N=59 (59,0), Southwestern Research Station, Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, text on page 145).",8.77,3.67,1,138.96%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
132,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Lampornis,clemenciae,Basilinna,leucotis,1025,2,1027,0.000000,0.9981,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299 (N=1012 (1012,0), Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, Table 4, page 290); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=3 (1,2), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Martinez Del Rio, C. and L. Eguiarte. 1987. Bird visitation to Agave salmiana: comparisons among hummingbirds and perching birds. Condor 89:357-363 (N=12 (12,0), Distrito Federal, Mexico, Table 1, page 359).",7.55,3.6,1,109.72%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
133,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Lampornis,clemenciae,Colibri,thalassinus,36,0,36,0.000000,1.0000,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299 (N=36, Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, Table 4, page 290).",7.55,5.78,1,30.62%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
134,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Lampornis,clemenciae,Eugenes,fulgens,525,407,932,0.000125,0.5633,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299 (N=846 (439,407), Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, Table 4, page 290); Lyon, D. L., J. Crandall, and M. McKone. 1977. A test of the adaptiveness of interspecific territoriality in the Blue-throated Hummingbird. Auk 94:448-454 (N=79 (79,0), Cave Creek Canyon, Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, USA, Table 3, page 451); Martinez Del Rio, C. and L. Eguiarte. 1987. Bird visitation to Agave salmiana: comparisons among hummingbirds and perching birds. Condor 89:357-363 (N=7 (7,0), Distrito Federal, Mexico, Table 1, page 359).",7.55,7.78,0,-2.96%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
135,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Lampornis,clemenciae,Lampornis,amethystinus,45,1,46,0.000000,0.9783,"Lyon, D. L. 1976. A montane hummingbird territorial system in Oaxaca, Mexico. Wilson Bulletin 88:280-299 (N=45 (45,0), Cerro San Felipe, Oaxaca, Mexico, Table 4, page 290); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=1 (0,1), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26).",7.55,6.15,1,22.76%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
136,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Panterpe,insignis,Eugenes,fulgens,24,0,24,0.000000,1.0000,"Wolf, L. L. and F. G. Stiles. 1970. Evolution of pair cooperation in a tropical hummingbird. Evolution 24:759-773 (N=24, Villa Mills, Costa Rica, Tables 4,7, pages 765, 767).",5.75,9,0,-36.11%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
137,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Panterpe,insignis,Selasphorus,flammula,33,0,33,0.000000,1.0000,"Wolf, L. L. and F. G. Stiles. 1970. Evolution of pair cooperation in a tropical hummingbird. Evolution 24:759-773 (N=33, Villa Mills, Costa Rica, Tables 4,7, pages 765, 767).",5.75,2.7,1,112.96%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
138,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Patagona,gigas,Colibri,coruscans,15,2,17,0.002350,0.8824,"Altshuler, D. L., F. G. Stiles, and R. Dudley. 2004. Of hummingbirds and helicopters: hovering costs, competitive ability, and foraging strategies. American Naturalist 163:16-25 (N=17, Huarcarpay, Cuzco, Peru, Table A1).",20.2,6.7,1,201.49%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
139,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Phaeochroa,cuvierii,Amazilia,rutila,44,3,47,0.000000,0.9362,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14 (N=47, Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 8, page 11 [note: data in Table 8 are included within Table 9]); [note: data in Stiles, F. G. and L. L. Wolf. 1970. Hummingbird territoriality at a tropical flowering tree. Auk 87:467-491, Table 7, are included within Wolf 1970, Table 9]",9.37,5.05,1,85.54%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
140,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Phaeochroa,cuvierii,Amazilia,saucerrottei,46,0,46,0.000000,1.0000,"Wolf, L. L. 1970. The impact of seasonal flowering on the biology of some tropical hummingbirds. Condor 72:1-14 (N=46, Granja Experimental Enrique Jiménez Núñez, Las Cañas/Taboga, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Table 8, page 11 [note: data in Table 8 are included within Table 9]); [note: data in Stiles, F. G. and L. L. Wolf. 1970. Hummingbird territoriality at a tropical flowering tree. Auk 87:467-491, Table 7, are included within Wolf 1970, Table 9]",9.37,4.98,1,88.15%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
141,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Phaethornis,guy,Chlorestes,notatus,15,0,15,0.000061,1.0000,"Feinsinger, P., L. A. Swarm, and J. A. Wolfe. 1985. Nectar-feeding birds on Trinidad and Tobago: comparison of diverse and depauperate guilds. Ecological Monographs 55:1-28 (N=15, Simla Research Station, Arima Valley, Trinidad, Table 3, page 10).",6.37,3.69,1,72.63%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
142,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Phaethornis,longirostris,Phaethornis,striigularis,10,0,10,0.001953,1.0000,"Stiles, F. G. and L. L. Wolf. 1979. Ecology and evolution of lek mating behavior in the Long-tailed Hermit hummingbird. Ornithological Monographs No. 27 (N=10, La Selva, Heredia, Costa Rica, Table 7, page 29). [note: Phaethornis longuemareus split; this population = Phaethornis striigularis; Phaethornis superciliosus also split; this population = Phaethornis longirostris]",5.99,2.5,1,139.60%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
143,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Phaethornis,longirostris,Threnetes,ruckeri,7,4,11,0.548800,0.6364,"Stiles, F. G. and L. L. Wolf. 1979. Ecology and evolution of lek mating behavior in the Long-tailed Hermit hummingbird. Ornithological Monographs No. 27 (N=11, La Selva, Heredia, Costa Rica, Table 7, page 29). [note: Phaethornis superciliosus split; this population = Phaethornis longirostris]",5.99,5.6,1,6.96%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
144,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Selasphorus,platycercus,Selasphorus,calliope,5,3,8,0.726600,0.6250,"Austin, G. T. 1970. Interspecific territoriality of migrant Calliope and resident Broad-tailed hummingbirds. Condor 72:234 (N=3 (0,3), Spring Mountains, Nevada, USA, text on page 234); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=5 (5,0), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26).  ",3.6,2.7,1,33.33%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
145,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Selasphorus,rufus,Archilochus,alexandri,12,1,13,0.003418,0.9231,"Stiles, F. G. 1973. Food supply and the annual cycle of the Anna Hummingbird. University of California Publications in Zoology 97:1-109 (N=6 (5,1), males only, Santa Monica Mountains, California, USA, Table 11, page 60; Baltosser, W. H. 1989. Nectar availability and habitat selection by hummingbirds in Guadalupe Canyon. Wilson Bulletin 101:559-578 (N=7 (7,0), Guadalupe Canyon, New Mexico/Arizona, USA, Table 7, page 572).",3.22,3.26,0,-1.23%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
146,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Selasphorus,rufus,Cynanthus,latirostris,5,3,8,0.726600,0.6250,"Baltosser, W. H. 1989. Nectar availability and habitat selection by hummingbirds in Guadalupe Canyon. Wilson Bulletin 101:559-578 (N=8, Guadalupe Canyon, New Mexico/Arizona, USA, Table 7, page 572).",3.2,3,1,6.67%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
147,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Selasphorus,rufus,Selasphorus,calliope,15,0,15,0.000061,1.0000,"Stiles, F. G. 1973. Food supply and the annual cycle of the Anna Hummingbird. University of California Publications in Zoology 97:1-109 (N=14 (14,0), adult males only, Santa Monica Mountains, California, USA, Table 11, page 60); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=1 (1,0), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26).  ",3.22,2.72,1,18.38%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
148,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Selasphorus,rufus,Selasphorus,platycercus,104,10,114,0.000000,0.9123,"Dunford, C. and E. Dunford. 1972. Interspecific aggression of resident Broad-tailed and migrant Rufous hummingbirds. Condor 74:479 (N=3 (1,2), Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona, USA, text on page 479); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. Interactions among resident and migrant hummingbirds in Mexico. PhD thesis. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (N=103 (95,8), Volcán de Colima, Mexico, Table 5, page 26); Kodric-Brown, A. and J. H. Brown. 1978. Influence of economics, interspecific competition, and sexual dimorphism on territoriality of migrant Rufous Hummingbirds. Ecology 59:285-296 (White Mountains, Arizona, USA; used 9 feeders followed in 1974; data hard to incorporate because not quantified; "Selasphorus platycercus were almost completely excluded [by Selasphorus rufus]. Occasionally they were heard or seen attempting to feed, but S. rufus chased then from 1 territory to another until they left the area." page 287).""unford, C. and E. Dunford. 1972. Interspecific aggression of resident Broad-tailed and migrant Rufous hummingbirds. Condor 74:479 (N=3 (1,2), Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona, USA, text on page 479); DesGranges, J. L. 1977. In",3.35,3.6,0,-6.94%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
149,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Selasphorus,sasin,Calypte,anna,184,82,266,0.000000,0.6917,"Van Vuren, D. 1983. Temporal feeding patterns and interspecific aggression of Anna's and Allen's hummingbirds. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Science 82:149-151 (N=266, Napa County, California, USA, text on page 151).",3.15,4.25,0,-25.88%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
150,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Thalurania,fannyi,Amazilia,franciae,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=6, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",4.26,5,0,-14.80%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
151,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Thalurania,fannyi,Discosura,conversii,11,0,11,0.000977,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741 (N=11, Mindo, Pinchincha, Ecuador, Table S2).",4.26,2.74,1,55.47%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
152,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Thalurania,furcata,Chrysuronia,oenone,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Altshuler, D. L., F. G. Stiles, and R. Dudley. 2004. Of hummingbirds and helicopters: hovering costs, competitive ability, and foraging strategies. American Naturalist 163:16-25 (N=6, Amazonia, se Peru, Table A1).",4.3,4.3,0,0.00%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
153,hummingbirds,Apodiformes,Trochilidae,Thalurania,furcata,Hylocharis,chrysura,3,3,6,1.000000,0.5000,"Rodrigues, L. C. and A. C. Araujo. 2011. The hummingbird community and their floral resources in an urban forest remnant in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology 71:611-622 (N=6, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, Table 4, page 618).",4.8,4.51,0,NA,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
154,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,Xiphorhynchus,spixii,7,4,11,0.548800,0.6364,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Cis-Andean Xiphorhynchus and relatives (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43: 133-142 (N=10 (7,3), Belém, Pará, Brazil; N=1 (0,1), Maloquinha, Pará, Brazil; text on page 136 for both locations).",41.4,31.2,1,32.69%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
155,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocincla,merula,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,63,4,67,0.000000,0.9403,"Willis, E. O. 1979. Behavior and ecology of two forms of White-chinned Woodcreepers (Dendrocincla merula, Dendrocolaptidae) in Amazonia. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 33:27-66 (N=35 (31,4), Belém, Pará, Brazil, Table 9, page 49; N=24 (24,0), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 3, page 49; Pierpoint, N. 1986. Interspecific aggression and the ecology of woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA (N=8 (8,0), Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3, page 55). ",46.98,38.2,1,22.98%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
156,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,certhia,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,88,0,88,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1992. Comportamiento e ecologia do arapacu-barrado Dendrocolaptes certhia (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia 8: 151–216 (N=46 (46,0), Belém, Pará, Brazil; N=42 (42,0), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Table 8, page 169 for both locations).",64.2,40.8,1,57.35%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
157,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,certhia,Dendrocincla,merula,13,0,13,0.000244,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1992. Comportamiento e ecologia do arapacu-barrado Dendrocolaptes certhia (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia 8: 151–216 (N=8 (8,0), Belém, Pará, Brazil; N=5 (5,0), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Table 8, page 169 for both locations); see also Willis, E. O. 1979. Behavior and ecology of two forms of White-chinned Woodcreepers (Dendrocincla merula, Dendrocolaptidae) in Amazonia. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 33:27-66.",64.2,46.98,1,36.65%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
158,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,picumnus,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,183,0,183,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Black-banded Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptes picumnus). Condor 84:272-285 (N=181 (181,0), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 4, page 278); Pierpoint, N. 1986. Interspecific aggression and the ecology of woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA (N=2 (2,0), Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3, page 55). ",83.4,37,1,125.41%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
159,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,picumnus,Dendrocincla,merula,59,1,60,0.000000,0.9833,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Black-banded Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptes picumnus). Condor 84:272-285 (N=57 (57,0), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 4, page 278); Pierpoint, N. 1986. Interspecific aggression and the ecology of woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA (N=3 (2,1), Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3, page 55). ",83.4,49.9,1,67.13%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
160,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,picumnus,Dendrocolaptes,certhia,62,0,62,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Black-banded Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptes picumnus). Condor 84:272-285 (N=61 (61,0), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 4, page 278); Pierpoint, N. 1986. Interspecific aggression and the ecology of woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA (N=1 (1,0), Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3, page 55).",83.4,66.8,1,24.85%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
161,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,picumnus,Xiphorhynchus,pardalotus,24,4,28,0.000180,0.8571,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Black-banded Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptes picumnus). Condor 84:272-285 (N=28, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 4, page 278).",82.8,37.8,1,119.05%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
162,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,sanctithomae,Dendrocincla,anabatina,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Three Dendrocincla woodcreepers (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Ciência e Cultura 35: 201-204 (N=9, Golfito, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, text on page 202).",66.9,34.35,1,94.76%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
163,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,sanctithomae,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,157,0,157,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1972. The behavior of Plain-brown Woodcreepers, Dendrocincla fuliginosa. Wilson Bulletin 84:377-420 (N=157, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Table 5, page 400); see also Willis, E. O. 1992. Comportamiento e ecologia do arapacu-barrado Dendrocolaptes certhia (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia 8: 151–216.",66.9,41,1,63.17%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
164,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,sanctithomae,Xiphorhynchus,lachrymosus,7,2,9,0.179700,0.7778,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Trans-Andean Xiphorhynchus (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43:125-131 (N=9, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, text on page 126).",66.9,56.4,1,18.62%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
165,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Dendrocolaptes,sanctithomae,Xiphorhynchus,susurrans,21,8,29,0.024120,0.7241,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Trans-Andean Xiphorhynchus (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43:125-131 (N=15 (13,2), Barro Colorado Island, Panama; N=2 (2,0), Madden Forest Reserve, Panama; text on page 129 for both locations); Willis, E. O. 1992. Comportamiento e ecologia do arapacu-barrado Dendrocolaptes certhia (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia 8: 151–216 (N=12 (6,6), Panama [location(s) not specified, but data are different from those presented in Willis 1983], Table 8, page 169).",66.9,46.51,1,43.84%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
166,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Hylexetastes,perrotii,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,55,0,55,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Red-billed Woodcreepers (Hylexetastes perrottii). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 42:655-666 (N=55, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 6, page 662).",119.4,40.2,1,197.01%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
167,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Hylexetastes,perrotii,Dendrocincla,merula,21,0,21,0.000001,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Red-billed Woodcreepers (Hylexetastes perrottii). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 42:655-666 (N=21, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 6, page 662); see also Willis, E. O. 1979. Behavior and ecology of two forms of White-chinned Woodcreepers (Dendrocincla merula, Dendrocolaptidae) in Amazonia. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 33:27-66.",119.4,53.25,1,124.23%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
168,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Hylexetastes,perrotii,Dendrocolaptes,certhia,10,0,10,0.001953,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1992. Comportamiento e ecologia do arapacu-barrado Dendrocolaptes certhia (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia 8: 151–216 (N=10, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 8, page 169).",119.4,64.4,1,85.40%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
169,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Hylexetastes,perrotii,Dendrocolaptes,picumnus,58,0,58,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Red-billed Woodcreepers (Hylexetastes perrottii). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 42:655-666 (N=58, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 6, page 662); see also Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Black-banded Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptes picumnus). Condor 84:272-285.",119.4,82.8,1,44.20%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
170,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Hylexetastes,perrotii,Xiphorhynchus,pardalotus,8,0,8,0.007812,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Red-billed Woodcreepers (Hylexetastes perrottii). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 42:655-666 (N=8, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 6, page 662).",119.4,37.8,1,215.87%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
171,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Nasica,longirostris,Dendrocolaptes,picumnus,8,0,8,0.007812,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Black-banded Woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptes picumnus). Condor 84:272-285 N=8, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 4, page 278). ",87,82.8,1,5.07%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
172,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,elegans,Xiphorhynchus,obsoletus,8,0,8,0.007812,1.0000,"Pierpoint, N. 1986. Interspecific aggression and the ecology of woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA (N=8, Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3, page 55). [note: X. spixii split: relevant population = X. elegans]",39,37,1,5.41%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
173,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,elegans,Xiphorhynchus,ocellatus,22,7,29,0.008130,0.7586,"Pierpoint, N. 1986. Interspecific aggression and the ecology of woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA (N=29, Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3, page 55). [note: X. spixii split; this population now = X. elegans]",39,31,1,25.81%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
174,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,guttatus,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,39,1,40,0.000000,0.9750,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Cis-Andean Xiphorhynchus and relatives (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43: 133-142 (N=31 (31,0), Belém, Pará, Brazil; N=4 (4,0), Maloquinha, Pará, Brazil; N=2 (2,0) Palhão, Brazil; N=3 (2,1), Nappi Creek, Guyana; text on page 134 for all locations).",58.8,38.2,1,53.93%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
175,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,guttatus,Dendrocincla,merula,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1979. Behavior and ecology of two forms of White-chinned Woodcreepers (Dendrocincla merula, Dendrocolaptidae) in Amazonia. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 33:27-66 (N=7, Belém, Pará, Brazil, Table 9, page 49)",58.8,40.7,1,44.47%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
176,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,guttatus,Dendrocolaptes,certhia,11,3,14,0.057370,0.7857,"Willis, E. O. 1992. Comportamiento e ecologia do arapacu-barrado Dendrocolaptes certhia (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia 8: 151–216 (N=14, Belém, Pará, Brazil, Table 8, page 169).",58.8,64.4,0,-8.70%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
177,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,guttatus,Dendrocolaptes,picumnus,6,2,8,0.289100,0.7500,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Cis-Andean Xiphorhynchus and relatives (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43: 133-142 (N=4 (2,2), Nappi Creek, Guyana; N=4 (4,0), Palhão, Brazil; text on page 134 for both locations).",58.8,82.8,0,-28.99%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
178,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,guttatus,Xiphorhynchus,ocellatus,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Pierpoint, N. 1986. Interspecific aggression and the ecology of woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA (N=9, Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3, page 55). ",64,31,1,106.45%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
179,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,guttatus,Xiphorhynchus,spixii,14,0,14,0.000122,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Cis-Andean Xiphorhynchus and relatives (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43: 133-142 (N=8 (8,0), Belém, Pará, Brazil; N=4 (4,0), Benjamin Constant, Amazonas, Brazil; N=2 (2,0), Maloquinha, Pará, Brazil; text on page 136 for all locations) .",58.8,31.2,1,88.46%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
180,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,lachrymosus,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,51,0,51,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1972. The behavior of Plain-brown Woodcreepers, Dendrocincla fuliginosa. Wilson Bulletin 84:377-420 (N=51, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Table 5, page 400).",56.4,41,1,37.56%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
181,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,lachrymosus,Xiphorhynchus,susurrans,20,6,26,0.009355,0.7692,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Trans-Andean Xiphorhynchus (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43:125-131 (N=26, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, text on page 126). [note: X. guttatus split; this population = X. susurrans]",56.4,46.51,1,21.26%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
182,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,pardalotus,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,21,4,25,0.000911,0.8400,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Cis-Andean Xiphorhynchus and relatives (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43: 133-142 (N=25, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, text on page 137).",38.4,40.2,0,-4.48%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
183,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,pardalotus,Dendrocolaptes,certhia,9,8,17,1.000000,0.5294,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Cis-Andean Xiphorhynchus and relatives (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43: 133-142 (N=8 (5,3), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, text on page 138); Willis, E. O. 1992. Comportamiento e ecologia do arapacu-barrado Dendrocolaptes certhia (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Zoologia 8: 151–216 (N=9 (4,5), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 8, page 169 [note: these data differ from Willis 1983 and thus are presumably different).",37.8,64.4,0,-41.30%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
184,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Dendrocolaptidae,Xiphorhynchus,susurrans,Dendrocincla,fuliginosa,104,0,104,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1983. Trans-Andean Xiphorhynchus (Aves, Dendrocolaptidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 43:125-131 (N=97 (97,0), Barro Colorado Island, Panama; N=6 (6,0), Madden Forest Reserve, Amazonas, Brazil; N=1 (1,0), San Pedro, Córdoba, Colombia; text on pages 128-129 for all locations).",46.51,41,1,13.44%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
185,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Gymnopithys,leucaspis,Gymnopithys,lunulatus,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1968. Studies of the behavior of Lunulated and Salvin's antbirds. Condor 70:128-148 (N=6, Putuimi, Morona-Santiago, Ecuador, Table 3, page 135).",23.8,24,0,-0.83%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
186,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Gymnopithys,leucaspis,Hylophylax,naevioides,691,0,691,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1972. The behavior of Spotted Antbirds. Ornithological Monographs No. 10 (N=691, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Table 10, page 110).",31.1,17.5,1,77.71%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
187,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Gymnopithys,leucaspis,Myrmeciza,exsul,28,0,28,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. and Y. Oniki. 1972. Ecology and nesting behavior of the Chestnut-backed Antbird (Myrmeciza exsul). Condor 74:87-98 (N=28, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, text on page 89).",31.1,27.4,1,13.50%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
188,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Gymnopithys,leucaspis,Thamnophilus,atrinucha,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1967. The behavior of Bicolored Antbirds. University of California Publications in Zoology 79:1-132 (N=7, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Table 6, page 43).",31.1,21.41,1,45.26%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
189,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Gymnopithys,lunulatus,Willisornis,poecilinotus,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1968. Studies of the behavior of Lunulated and Salvin's antbirds. Condor 70:128-148 N=9, Yarinacocha, Ucayali, Peru, Table 3, page 135).",24,16.4,1,46.34%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
190,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Gymnopithys,rufigula,Percnostola,rufifrons,171,1,172,0.000000,0.9942,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Black-headed Antbirds (Percnostola rufifrons) (Formicariidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 42:233-247 (N=172, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 5, page 240).",29,28.9,1,0.35%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
191,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Gymnopithys,rufigula,Pithys,albifrons,1964,0,1964,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1981. Diversity in adversity: the behaviors of two subordinate antbirds. Arquivos de Zoologia 30:159-234 (N=1964, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 18, page 212).",29,20.2,1,43.56%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
192,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Gymnopithys,rufigula,Willisornis,poecilinotus,8,0,8,0.007812,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Scale-backed Antbirds. Wilson Bulletin 94:447-462 (N=8, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 5, page 456).",29,17.9,1,62.01%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
193,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Myrmeciza,exsul,Hylophylax,naevioides,56,0,56,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. and Y. Oniki. 1972. Ecology and nesting behavior of the Chestnut-backed Antbird (Myrmeciza exsul). Condor 74:87-98 (N=56, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, text on page 89); see also Willis, E. O. 1972. The behavior of Spotted Antbirds. Ornithological Monographs No. 10.",27.4,17.5,1,56.57%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
194,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Myrmeciza,fortis,Gymnopithys,leucaspis,33,0,33,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1985. Myrmeciza and related antbirds (Aves, Formicariidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Zoologica 2:433-442 (N=33, location(s) not specified, text on page 434).",49.45,23.8,1,107.77%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
195,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Myrmeciza,fortis,Gymnopithys,lunulatus,17,0,17,0.000015,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1968. Studies of the behavior of Lunulated and Salvin's antbirds. Condor 70:128-148 (N=17, Putuimi, Morona-Santiago, Ecuador, Table 3, page 135).",49.45,24,1,106.04%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
196,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Myrmeciza,fortis,Gymnopithys,salvini,39,0,39,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1968. Studies of the behavior of Lunulated and Salvin's antbirds. Condor 70:128-148 (N=4 (4,0), Carauarí, Amazonas, Brazil; N=4 (4,0), Benjamín Constant, Amazonas, Brazil; Table 3, page 135 for both locations); Willson, S. K. 2004. Obligate army-ant-following birds: a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns, and behavior in Amazonian Peru. Ornithological Monographs No. 55 (N=31 (31,0), Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3.4, page 20).",49.45,25.9,1,90.93%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
197,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Myrmeciza,fortis,Pithys,albifrons,27,0,27,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1985. Myrmeciza and related antbirds (Aves, Formicariidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Zoologica 2:433-442 (N=27, location(s) not specified, text on page 434).",49.45,18.6,1,165.86%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
198,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Myrmeciza,fortis,Rhegmatorhina,melanosticta,61,4,65,0.000000,0.9385,"Willson, S. K. 2004. Obligate army-ant-following birds: a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns, and behavior in Amazonian Peru. Ornithological Monographs No. 55 (N=65, Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3.4, page 20).",46.5,31.4,1,48.09%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
199,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Percnostola,rufifrons,Pithys,albifrons,100,0,100,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Black-headed Antbirds (Percnostola rufifrons) (Formicariidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 42:233-247 (N=100, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 5, page 240).",28.9,20.2,1,43.07%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
200,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phaenostictus,mcleannani,Gymnopithys,leucaspis,2825,3,2828,0.000000,0.9989,"Willis, E. O. 1973. The behavior of Ocellated Antbirds. Smithsonian Institution Contributions to Zoology No. 144 (N=2828, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Table 7, page 14).",51.4,31.1,1,65.27%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
201,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phaenostictus,mcleannani,Hylophylax,naevioides,152,0,152,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1972. The behavior of Spotted Antbirds. Ornithological Monographs No. 10 (N=152, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Table 10, page 110).",51.4,17.5,1,193.71%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
202,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phaenostictus,mcleannani,Myrmeciza,exsul,15,0,15,0.000061,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. and Y. Oniki. 1972. Ecology and nesting behavior of the Chestnut-backed Antbird (Myrmeciza exsul). Condor 74:87-98 (N=15, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, text on page 89).",51.4,27.4,1,87.59%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
203,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phaenostictus,mcleannani,Thamnophilus,atrinucha,5,3,8,0.726600,0.6250,"Willis, E. O. 1973. The behavior of Ocellated Antbirds. Smithsonian Institution Contributions to Zoology No. 144 (N=8, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Table 7, page 14).",51.4,21.41,1,140.07%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
204,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,borbae,Rhegmatorhina,hoffmannsi,14,0,14,0.000122,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1968. Taxonomy and behavior of Pale-faced Antbirds. Auk 85:253-264 (N=14, Coatá, Amazonas, Brazil, text on page 260) [note: Phlegopsis borbae = Skutchia borbae]",50.1,31.4,1,59.55%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
205,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,erythroptera,Gymnopithys,leucaspis,13,0,13,0.000244,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1984. Phlegopsis erythroptera (Gould, 1855) and relatives (Aves, Formicariidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Zoologica 2:165-170 (N=2 (2,0), Umbria, Colombia; N=2 (2,0), Limoncocha, Ecuador; N=1 (1,0), Putuimi, Ecuador; N=1 (1,0), Letecia, Colombia; N=3 (3,0), Manacapuru, Amazonas, Brazil; N=1 (1,0), Mitú, Colombia; N=3 (3,0), Yaapi, Ecuador; text on page 166 for all locations).",53.6,23.8,1,125.21%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
206,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,erythroptera,Myrmeciza,fortis,7,1,8,0.070310,0.8750,"Willis, E. O. 1984. Phlegopsis erythroptera (Gould, 1855) and relatives (Aves, Formicariidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Zoologica 2:165-170 (N=8 (7,1), likely multiple locations (not specified) but including Zatzayacu, Ecuador, text on pages 166-167).",53.6,49.45,1,8.39%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
207,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,erythroptera,Pithys,albifrons,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1984. Phlegopsis erythroptera (Gould, 1855) and relatives (Aves, Formicariidae) as army ant followers. Revista Brasileira de Zoologica 2:165-170 (N=1 (1,0), Umbria, Colombia; N=2 (2,0), Mitú, Colombia; N=3 (3,0), Yaapi, Ecuador; text on page 166 for all locations).",53.6,18.6,1,188.17%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
208,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,nigromaculata,Gymnopithys,lunulatus,46,0,46,0.000000,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1968. Studies of the behavior of Lunulated and Salvin's antbirds. Condor 70:128-148 (N=46, Yarinacocha, Ucayali, Peru, Table 3, page 135).",46,24,1,91.67%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
209,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,nigromaculata,Gymnopithys,salvini,27,2,29,0.000002,0.9310,"Willson, S. K. 2004. Obligate army-ant-following birds: a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns, and behavior in Amazonian Peru. Ornithological Monographs No. 55 (N=29, Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3.4, page 20).",46,25.9,1,77.61%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
210,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,nigromaculata,Myrmeciza,fortis,13,2,15,0.007385,0.8667,"Willson, S. K. 2004. Obligate army-ant-following birds: a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns, and behavior in Amazonian Peru. Ornithological Monographs No. 55 (N=15, Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3.4, page 20).",46,46.5,0,-1.08%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
211,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,nigromaculata,Pyriglena,leuconota,1328,2,1330,0.000000,0.9985,"Willis, E. O. 1981. Diversity in adversity: the behaviors of two subordinate antbirds. Arquivos de Zoologia 30:159-234 (N=1330, Belém, Pará, Brazil, Table 8, page 177); see also Willis, E. 0. 1979. Comportamento e ecologia da mãe-de-taoca, Phlegopsis nigromaculata (D'Orbigny & Lafresnaye) (Aves, Formicariidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 39: 117-159.",45.1,33.9,1,33.04%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
212,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,nigromaculata,Rhegmatorhina,berlepschi,20,0,20,0.000002,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1969. On the behavior of five species of Rhegmatorhina, ant-following antbirds of the Amazon Basin. Wilson Bulletin 81:363-395 (N=20, Maloquinha, Pará, Brazil, text on page 381); see also Willis, E. 0. 1979. Comportamento e ecologia da mãe-de-taoca, Phlegopsis nigromaculata (D'Orbigny & Lafresnaye) (Aves, Formicariidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 39: 117-1.59.",45.1,NA,NA,NA,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
213,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,nigromaculata,Rhegmatorhina,hoffmannsi,14,0,14,0.000122,1.0000,"Willis, E. 0. 1979. Comportamento e ecologia da mãe-de-taoca, Phlegopsis nigromaculata (D'Orbigny & Lafresnaye) (Aves, Formicariidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 39: 117-1.59 (N=14, Coatá, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 8, page 140).",45.1,31.4,1,43.63%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
214,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Phlegopsis,nigromaculata,Rhegmatorhina,melanosticta,120,4,124,0.000000,0.9677,"Willson, S. K. 2004. Obligate army-ant-following birds: a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns, and behavior in Amazonian Peru. Ornithological Monographs No. 55 (N=124, Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3.4, page 20).",46,31.4,1,46.50%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
215,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Pithys,albifrons,Willisornis,poecilinotus,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1982. The behavior of Scale-backed Antbirds. Wilson Bulletin 94:447-462 (N=7, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, Table 5, page 456).",20.2,17.9,1,12.85%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
216,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Rhegmatorhina,cristata,Gymnopithys,leucaspis,13,0,13,0.000244,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1969. On the behavior of five species of Rhegmatorhina, ant-following antbirds of the Amazon Basin. Wilson Bulletin 81:363-395 (N=13, Mitú, Vaupés, Colombia, text on page 381).",NA,31.1,NA,NA,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
217,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Rhegmatorhina,melanosticta,Gymnopithys,salvini,153,11,164,0.000000,0.9329,"Willis, E. O. 1968. Studies of the behavior of Lunulated and Salvin's antbirds. Condor 70:128-148 (N=8 (8,0), Carraurí, Amazonas, Brazil; N=7 (7,0), Benjamín Constant, Amazonas, Brazil; Table 3, page 135); Willson, S. K. 2004. Obligate army-ant-following birds: a study of ecology, spatial movement patterns, and behavior in Amazonian Peru. Ornithological Monographs No. 55 (N=149 (138,11), Manu National Park, Peru, Table 3.4, page 20); see also Willis, E. O. 1969. On the behavior of five species of Rhegmatorhina, ant-following antbirds of the Amazon basin. Wilson Bulletin 81:363-395.",31.4,25.9,1,21.24%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
218,woodcreepers.antbirds,Passeriformes,Thamnophilidae,Thamnophilus,atrinucha,Hylophylax,naevioides,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Willis, E. O. 1972. The behavior of Spotted Antbirds. Ornithological Monographs No. 10 (N=7, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Table 10, page 110).",21.41,17.5,1,22.34%,"Martin, P.R. and C.K. Ghalambor. 2014. When David beats Goliath: The advantage of large size in interspecific aggressive contests declines over evolutionary time. PLOS ONE 9(9): e108741. "
219,NAm.birds,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Accipiter,gentilis,Accipiter,cooperii,10,0,10,0.001953,1.0000,"Reynolds, R.T. and E.C. Meslow. 1984. Partitioning of food and niche characteristics of coexisting Accipiter during breeding. Auk 101:761-779 (N=1 (1,0), eastern Oregon, USA, Appendix, page 777); Kennedy, P.L. 1991. Reproductive strategies of Northern Goshawks and Cooper's Hawks in north-central New Mexico. Ph.D. diss. Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA (N=2 (2,0), north-central New Mexico, USA, Table II-2, page 43); Patla, S.M. 1997. Nesting ecology and habitat of the Northern Goshawk in undisturbed and timber harvest areas on the Targhee National Forest, Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. MSc. thesis, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA (N=3 (3,0), Targhee National Forest, Wyoming/Idaho, USA, Table 9, page 106); Smithers, B.L., C.W. Boal, and D.E. Andersen. 2005. Northern Goshawk diet in Minnesota: an analysis using video recording systems. Journal of Raptor Research 39:264-273 (N=1 (1,0), northeast Minnesota, USA, Table 1, page 267); Becker, T.E., D.G. Smith, and T. Bosakowski. 2006. Habitat, food habits, and productivity of Northern Goshawks nesting in Connecticut. Studies in Avian Biology 31:119-125 (N=2 (2,0), Connecticut, USA, Table 1, page 123); Rogers, A.S., S. DeStefano, and M.F. Ingraldi. 2006. Diet, prey delivery rates, and prey biomass of Northern Goshawks in east-central Arizona. Studies of Avian Biology 31:219-227 (N=1+ (1,0), Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, Arizona, USA, Table 2, page 223) [all cases of Accipiter gentilis preying on Accipiter cooperii]",954.34,366.01,1,160.74%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
220,NAm.birds,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Buteo,jamaicensis,Buteo,lagopus,20,8,28,0.035700,0.7143,"Hogan, G.G. 1983. Interspecific food piracy of Rough-legged Hawk, Buteo lagopus, on Red-tailed Hawk, B. jamaicensis, and scavenging by Rough-legged Hawk. Canadian Field-Naturalist 97:330-331 (N=1 (0,1), North River, Prince Edward Island, Canada, text on page 330); Janes, S.W. 1985. Behavioral interactions and habitat relations among grassland and shrubsteppe raptors. Ph.D. thesis, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA (N=2 (2,0), Columbia River Basin and n Great Basin, Oregon/Idaho/Utah, USA, Table 1, page 42); Bildstein, K.L. 1978. Behavioral ecology of Red-tailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), Rough-legged Hawks (B. lagopus), Northern Harriers (Circus cyaneus), American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) and other raptorial birds wintering in south central Ohio. Ph.D. thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA (N=19 (13,6), Hallsville, Ohio, USA, Table 95, page 315); internet photograph: http://media.photobucket.com/image/dark%20morph%20rough-legged%20hawk%20being%20chased%20by%20red-tailed%20hawk/McConaughy/DarkMorphRoughLeggedHawk/DarkMorphRLHK05s.jpg?o=1 (N=1 (1,0), location not known, B. jamaicensis chasing B. lagopus); http://www.symbolicmessengers.com/Blog2013/03_03_2013.htm (N=1 (0,1), Waynesboro, Virginia, USA, series of photos showing aggressive interactions between a B. jamaicensis and B. lagopus, with B. lagopus eventually driving B. jamaicensis away); http://www.dianawhitingphotography.com/Galleries/Birds/Birds-of-Prey/13273665_3ptKMG/1109176606_CrNM6dQ#!i=1109176606&k=CrNM6dQ (N=1 (1,0), location not known, B. jamaicensis chasing B. lagopus); http://www.semissourian.com/blogs/davis/entry/32369 (N=2+ (2,0), Missouri, USA, blog reporting B. jamaicensis often displacing B. lagopus from hunting perches); P.R. Martin, personal observations (N=1 (1,0), Amherst Island, Ontario, Canada).",1059.4,1012.6,1,4.62%,http://arctos.database.museum/home.cfm
221,NAm.birds,Accipitriformes,Accipitridae,Buteo,regalis,Buteo,jamaicensis,12,10,22,0.831800,0.5455,"Smith, D.G. and J.R. Murphy. 1973. Breeding ecology of raptors in the eastern Great Basin of Utah. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series 18(3):1-76 (N=12 (6,6), Rush and Cedar Valleys, Utah, USA, Table 19, page 42); Janes, S.W. 1985. Behavioral interactions and habitat relations among grassland and shrubsteppe raptors. Ph.D. thesis, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA (N=9 (6,3), Columbia River Basin and n Great Basin, Oregon/Idaho/Utah, USA, Table 1, page 42); Preston, C.R. and R.D. Beane. 2009. Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/052 (N=1 (0,1), Colorado, USA, Social and Interspecific Behavior: Nonpredatory Interspecific Interactions).",1135.6,1059.4,1,7.19%,http://arctos.database.museum/home.cfm
222,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Anas,acuta,Anas,carolinensis,26,0,26,0.000000,1.0000,"Hepp, G.R. and J.D. Hair. 1984. Dominance in wintering waterfowl (Anatini): effects on distribution of sexes. Condor 86:251-257 (N=26, Cape Hatteras National Seashore, Dare County, North Carolina, Table 1, page 252).",758.88,339.13,1,123.77%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
223,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Anas,discors,Anas,cyanoptera,86,35,121,0.000004,0.7107,"Connelly, J.W., Jr. 1977. A comparative study of Blue-winged and Cinnamon teal breeding in eastern Washington. M.S. thesis, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA (N=121, Columbia National Wildlife Refuge, Washington, USA, text on page 25); see also Connelly, J.W., and I.J. Ball. 1984. Comparisons of aspects of breeding Blue-winged and Cinnamon teal in eastern Washington. Wilson Bulletin 96:626-633.",390.82,337.66,1,15.74%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
224,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Anas,strepera,Anas,americana,68,45,113,0.038020,0.6018,"Bailey, R.O. and B.D.J. Batt. 1974. Hierarchy of waterfowl feeding with Whistling Swans. Auk 91:488-493 (N=44 (29,15), Delta Marsh, Manitoba, Canada, Table 2, page 490); Hepp, G.R. and J.D. Hair. 1984. Dominance in wintering waterfowl (Anatini): effects on distribution of sexes. Condor 86:251-257 (N=5 (2,3), Cape Hatteras National Seashore, Dare County, North Carolina, Table 1, page 252); Paulus, S.L. 1980. The winter ecology of Gadwall in Louisiana. MSc. thesis. University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA (N=64 (37,27), southwest Louisiana, USA, Table 13, pages 80-81). ",842.33,645.28,1,30.54%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
225,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Aythya,americana,Aythya,collaris,27,5,32,0.000113,0.8438,"Alexander, W.C. 1980. The behavioral ecology and sociobiology of nonbreeding diving ducks (Aythyini). Ph.D. dissertation, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA (N=32, coastal South Carolina, USA, Table 30, page 153). ",935.97,688.9,1,35.86%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
226,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Branta,canadensis,Branta,hutchinsii,40,0,40,0.000000,1.0000,"Heuermann, N. 2007. Tall swards and small grazers. Competition, facilitation and coexistence of different-sized grazers. PhD. thesis, Department of Environmental Studies, Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands (N=40, captive flock in The Netherlands, Figure 8.6, page 146).",3363.09,1805.23,1,86.30%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
227,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Bucephala,islandica,Bucephala,clangula,274,97,371,0.000000,0.7385,"Savard, J.-P.L. 1984. Territorial behaviour of Common Goldeneye, Barrow's Goldeneye, and Bufflehead in areas of sympatry. Ornis Scandinavica 15:211-216 (N=363 (266,97), Columbia Valley, British Columbia, Canada, Table 3, page 213); Savard, J.-P.L. and J.N.M. Smith. 1987. Interspecific aggression by Barrow's Goldeneye: a descriptive and functional analysis. Behaviour 102:168-184 (N=8 (8,0), Burrard Inlet, British Columbia, Canada, Table 7, page 176).",885.71,836.07,1,5.94%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
228,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Chen,caerulescens,Chen,rossii,63,24,87,0.000035,0.7241,"Jónsson, J.E. and A.D. Afton. 2008. Lesser Snow Geese and Ross's Geese form mixed flocks during winter but differ in family maintenance and social status. Wilson Journal of Ornithology 120:725-731 (N=87, southwest Louisiana, USA, text on page 728).",2261.41,1145.39,1,97.44%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
229,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Cygnus,buccinator,Cygnus,columbianus,25,1,26,0.000001,0.9615,"Engelhardt, K.A.M., J.A. Kadlec, V.L. Roy, and J.A. Powell. 2000. Evaluation of translocation criteria: a case study with Trumpeter Swans. Biological Conservation 94:173-181 (N=26, northern Utah, USA, text on page 178).",8710.98,5441.87,1,60.07%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
230,NAm.birds,Anseriformes,Anatidae,Somateria,mollissima,Somateria,spectabilis,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Schamel, D.L. 1974. The breeding biology of the Pacific Eider (Somateria mollissima v-nigra Bonaparte) on a barrier island in the Beaufort Sea, Alaska. MSc. thesis, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA (N=6+, Egg Island, Beaufort Sea, Alaska, USA, text on pages 21-22, 70, 75). ",2269.08,1612.88,1,40.68%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
231,NAm.birds,Caprimulgiformes,Caprimulgidae,Chordeiles,minor,Chordeiles,acutipennis,13,0,13,0.000244,1.0000,"Caccamise, D.F. 1974. Competitive relationships of the Common and Lesser Nighthawks. Condor 76:1-20 (N=13, southern New Mexico, USA, text on pages 4,18).",68.52,47.51,1,44.22%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
232,NAm.birds,Charadriiformes,Alcidae,Aethia,cristatella,Aethia,pygmaea,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Knudtson, E.P. and G.V. Byrd. 1982. Breeding biology of Crested, Least and Whiskered auklets at Buldir Island, Alaska. Condor 84:197-202 (N=2+ (2,0), Buldir Island, Alaska, USA, text on page 199); Byrd, G.V. and J.C. Williams. 1993. Whiskered Auklet (Aethia pygmaea), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/076 (N=1 (1,0), Buldir Island, Alaska, USA, Social and Interspecific Behavior); Hunter, F.M., I.L. Jones, J.C. Williams, and G.V. Byrd. 2002. Breeding biology of the Whiskered Auklet (Aethia pygmaea) at Buldir Island, Alaska. Auk 119:1036-1051 (N=4 (4,0), Buldir Island, Alaska, USA, text on page 1043).",259.55,122.55,1,111.79%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
233,NAm.birds,Charadriiformes,Alcidae,Uria,aalge,Uria,lomvia,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Williams, A. J. 1974. Site preferences and inter-specific competition among guillemots Uria aalge (L.) and Uria lomvia (L.) on Bear Island. Ornis Scandinavica 5:113-121 (N=7+ (7,0), Bear Island, Barents Sea, Norway, text on pages 118-120); see also Birkhead, T.R. and D.N. Nettleship. 1987. Ecological relationships between Common Murres Uria aalge and Thick-billed Murres Uria lomvia at the Gannet Islands, Labrador. II. Breeding success and site characteristics. Canadian Journal of Zoology 65:1630-1637 (text on page 1636).",954.22,788.52,1,21.01%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
234,NAm.birds,Charadriiformes,Charadriidae,Pluvialis,squatarola,Pluvialis,dominica,19,0,19,0.000004,1.0000,"Wishart, R.A., P.J. Caldwell, and S.G. Sealy. 1981. Feeding and social behavior of some migrant shorebirds in southern Manitoba. Canadian Field-Naturalist 95:183-185 (N=17 (17,0), Portage La Prairie, Manitoba, Canada, Table 2, page 184); Michael, C.W. 1934. The golden plover at the beach at La Jolla. Condor 36:247-248 (N=1 (1,0), San Diego, California, USA, text on page 197); Myers, J.P. and B.J. McCaffery. 1984. Paracas revisited: do shorebirds compete on their wintering ground? Auk 101:197-199 (N=1 (1,0), Paracas Peninsula, Peru, text on page 197 [note: one P. squatarola supplanted two P. dominica at the same time; treated as N=2 in Freshwater et al. 2014, but changed to N=1 here]. [note: observations from breeding grounds suggest that each species repells the other from their established breeding territories; for a summary of these interactions, see Table 7, page 404 in Byrkjedal, I. and D.B.A. Thompson. 1998. Tundra plovers: the Eurasian, Pacific and American Golden Plovers and Grey Plover. T & AD Poyser, London, UK]",226.49,151.97,1,49.04%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
235,NAm.birds,Charadriiformes,Laridae,Larus,marinus,Larus,argentatus,27,0,27,0.000000,1.0000,"Rome, M.S. and J.C. Ellis. 2004. Foraging ecology and interactions between Herring Gulls and Great Black-backed Gulls in New England. Waterbirds 27:200-210 (N=27, Appledore Island, Maine, USA, text on pages 205-206).",1896.9,900.6,1,110.63%,http://arctos.database.museum/home.cfm
236,NAm.birds,Charadriiformes,Laridae,Sterna,dougallii,Sterna,paradisaea,11,0,11,0.000977,1.0000,"Bannerman, D.A. 1962. The birds of the British Isles, vol. 11. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK (N=9+ (9,0), Farne Islands, Northumberland, UK, text on page 152 [estimated N=3+ in each of 3 years]); Langham, N.P.E. 1968. The comparative biology of terns. PhD dissertation, University of Durham, Durham, England, UK (N=2+ (2,0), Coquet Island, Northumberland, UK, text on page 245). ",114.05,111.5,1,2.29%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
237,NAm.birds,Charadriiformes,Scolopacidae,Calidris,bairdii,Calidris,pusilla,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Martin, P.R., N=6, unpublished observations from Casselman, Ontario, Canada. ",41.05,27.5,1,49.27%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
238,NAm.birds,Charadriiformes,Scolopacidae,Numenius,tahitiensis,Numenius,phaeopus,20,2,22,0.000121,0.9091,"Marks, J.S., T.L. Tibbitts, R.E. Gill, and B.J. Mccaffery. 2002. Bristle-thighed Curlew (Numenius tahitiensis), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/705 (N=22, Curlew Lake, Alaska, USA, Spacing: Territoriality: Interspecific Territoriality)",463.67,378.26,1,22.58%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
239,NAm.birds,Falconiformes,Falconidae,Falco,rusticolus,Falco,peregrinus,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Cade, T.J. 1960. Ecology of the Peregrine and Gyrfalcon populations in Alaska. University of California Publications in Zoology 63:151-290 (N=7+ (7,0), records from Alaska, Greenland, and falconry, text pages 213, 247, 250, 253); White, C.M., N.J. Clum, T.J. Cade, and W. G. Hunt. 2002. Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/660 (N=1+ (1,0), location not specified, White et al. 2002: Predation: Kinds of Predators); Voronin, R.N. 1986. [Breeding of Gyrfalcon in the south of the Bolshezemelskaya Tundra.] Ornitologia 21:130-131, in Russian, cited in Potapov, E. and R. Sale. 2005. The Gyrfalcon. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (N=1 (1,0), Bolshezemelskaya, Russia, text on page 191 of Potapov and Sale 2005).",1283.31,813.09,1,57.83%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
240,NAm.birds,Galliformes,Phasianidae,Lagopus,lagopus,Lagopus,mutus,9,0,9,0.003906,1.0000,"Moss, R. 1972. Social organization of Willow Ptarmigan on their breeding grounds in interior Alaska. Condor 74:144-151 (N=9, Porcupine Creek, Alaska, USA, text on page 148).",558.39,440.24,1,26.84%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
241,NAm.birds,Galliformes,Phasianidae,Tympanuchus,phasianellus,Tympanuchus,cupido,64,4,68,0.000000,0.9412,"Sharp, W.M. 1957. Social and range dominance in gallinaceous birds-pheasants and prairie grouse. Journal of Wildlife Management 21:242-244 (N=3+ (3,0), Valentine National Wildlife Refuge, Nebraska, USA, text on pages 242-243); Kobriger, G.D. 1965. Status, movements, habitats, and foods of prairie grouse on a sandhills refuge. Journal of Wildlife Management 29:788-800 (N=3+ (3,0), Valentine National Wildlife Refuge, Nebraska, USA, text on page 792); Toepfer, J.E. 1988. The ecology of the Greater Prairie Chicken as related to reintroductions. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA (N=59 (55,4), [winter feeding sites] Crex Meadows State Wildlife Area, Wisconsin, USA; N=3 (3,0), [display grounds] Crex Meadows State Wildlife Area, Wisconsin, USA, pages 459, 460, 464).",815.72,948.6,0,-14.01%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
242,NAm.birds,Gaviiformes,Gaviidae,Gavia,adamsii,Gavia,pacifica,7,0,7,0.015630,1.0000,"Sage, B.L. 1971. A study of White-billed Divers in Alaska. British Birds 64:519-528 (N=2+ (2,0), northern Alaska, USA, text on pages 525-526); Kitchens, J. in North, M.R. 1994. Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/121 (N=1 (1,0), northern Alaska, USA, Kitchens in North 1994: Agonistic Behavior: Communicative Interactions); North, M., unpublished observations (N=3 (3,0), North Slope of Alaska, USA, email to P.R. Martin, Jan 2011); Martin, P.R., unpublished observations (N=1 (1,0), North Slope of Alaska, USA).",4534.93,2180.69,1,107.96%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
243,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Corvidae,Aphelocoma,wollweberi,Aphelocoma,californica,33,0,33,0.000000,1.0000,"Edwards, T.C. 1986. Ecological distribution of the Gray-breasted Jay: the role of habitat. Condor 88:456-460 (N=33, southwestern New Mexico, USA, text on page 460).",121.76,78.96,1,54.20%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
244,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Corvidae,Corvus,corax,Corvus,brachyrhynchos,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Erskine, A.J. 1968. Encounters between Bald Eagles and other birds in winter. Auk 85:681-683 (N=1 (1,0), Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada, text on page 682); Harlow, R.F., R.G. Hooper, D.R. Chamberlain, and H.S. Crawford. 1975. Some winter and nesting season foods of the Common Raven in Virginia. Auk 92:298-306 (N=3+ (3,0), western Virginia, USA, text on page 303); Kilham, L. 1985. Sustained robbing of American Crows by Common Ravens at a feeding station. Journal of Field Ornithology 56:426-426 (N=2+ (2,0), Lyme, New Hampshire, USA, text on page 425); see also Kilham, L. 1989. The American Crow and the Common Raven. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas, USA.",834.73,378.85,1,120.33%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
245,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Emberizidae,Ammodramus,maritimus,Ammodramus,caudacutus,874,25,899,0.000000,0.9722,"Post, W. and J.S. Greenlaw. 1975. Seaside Sparrow displays: their function in social organization and habitat. Auk 92:461-492 (N=733 (733, 0), Long Island, New York, USA; N=166 (141,25), captivity in Long Island, New York, USA; Post and Greenlaw 1975: Social and Interspecific Behavior: Nonpredatory Interspecific Interactions for both wild and captive data); see also Woolfenden, G.E. 1956. Comparative breeding behavior of Ammospiza caudacuta and A. maritima. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History 10:45-75 (text on page 54)",23.83,17.04,1,39.85%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
246,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Emberizidae,Junco,phaeonotus,Junco,hyemalis,263,46,309,0.000000,0.8511,"Moore, N.J. 1972. Ethology of the Mexican Junco (Junco phaeonotus palliatus). PhD Thesis. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA (N=309, Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona, USA, text on page 123).",18.99,18.56,1,2.32%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
247,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Emberizidae,Melospiza,melodia,Melospiza,georgiana,66,16,82,0.000000,0.8049,"Grant, P.R. 1966. Preliminary experiments on the foraging of closely related species of birds. Ecology 47:148-151 (N=10 (10,0), Mount Carmel, Connecticut, USA (captivity and wild), Table 3, page 150); Willson, M.F. 1972. Behavioral dominance and ecological segregation in sparrows. Passenger Pigeon 34:58-61 (N=50 (38,12), Champaign, Illinois, USA (captivity), Table 1, page 61); Greenberg, R. 1988. Water as a habitat cue for breeding Swamp and Song sparrows. Condor 90:420-427 (N=22 (18,4), Erie National Wildlife Refuge, Pennsylvania, USA, text on pages 424,425 [two interactions observed during playback experiments, 20 natural interactions observed).",22.05,16.13,1,36.70%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
248,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Emberizidae,Melospiza,melodia,Melospiza,lincolnii,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Speirs, J.M. and D.H. Speirs. 1968. Melospiza lincolnii lincolnii, Lincoln's Sparrow. Pages 1434-1476 in Life histories of North American cardinals, grosbeaks, buntings, towhees, finches, sparrows, and allies. (Bent, A.C., ed.) U.S. National Museum Bulletin 237, part 3 (N=5+ (5,0), Dorion, Ontario, Canada, text on page 1460); Arcese, P., M.K. Sogge, A.B. Marr, and M.A. Patten. 2002. Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/704 (N=1+ (1,0), location not known, Arcese et al. 2002: Spacing: Interspecific Territoriality).",20.23,16.74,1,20.85%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
249,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Emberizidae,Zonotrichia,leucophrys,Zonotrichia,albicollis,62,1,63,0.000000,0.9841,"Martin, P.R., N=63, unpublished observations from Chaffey's Lock, Ontario. ",26.96,25.52,1,5.64%,http://arctos.database.museum/home.cfm
250,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Fringillidae,Haemorhous,mexicanus,Haemorhous,purpureus,404,40,444,0.000000,0.9099,"Shedd, D.H. 1990. Aggressive interactions in wintering House Finches and Purple Finches. Wilson Bulletin 102:174-178 (N=444, Lynchburg, Virginia, USA, text on page 175).",20.54,22.3,0,-7.89%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
251,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Fringillidae,Spinus,psaltria,Spinus,lawrencei,23,2,25,0.000019,0.9200,"Coutlee, E.L. 1968. Comparative breeding behavior of Lesser and Lawrence's Goldfinches. Condor 70:228-242 (N=19 (18,1), captivity, Placerita Canyon, California, USA; N=6 (5,1) wild, Placerita Canyon, California, USA; text page 237); Coutlee, E.L. 1968. Maintenance behavior of Lesser and Lawrence's Goldfinches. Condor 70:378-384 (same data and location, text on page 379).",9.12,10.35,0,-11.88%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
252,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Paridae,Poecile,atricapillus,Poecile,gambeli,613,247,860,0.000000,0.7128,"Minock, M.E. 1972. Interspecific aggression between Black-capped and Mountain chickadees at winter feeding stations. Condor 74:454-461 (N=860, Bear River Mountains, Utah, USA, text on page 456).",11.13,11.03,1,0.91%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
253,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Parulidae,Oreothlypis,celata,Oreothlypis,virginiae,32,0,32,0.000000,1.0000,"Martin, P.R. and T.E. Martin. 2001. Behavioral interactions between coexisting species: song playback experiments with wood warblers. Ecology 82:207-218 (N=32, Mogollon Rim, Arizona, USA, text on page 213).",9.09,7.99,1,13.77%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
254,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Parulidae,Setophaga,petechia,Setophaga,magnolia,108,0,108,0.000000,1.0000,"Greenberg, R. and J. Salgado Ortiz. 1994. Interspecific defense of pasture trees by wintering Yellow Warblers. Auk 111:672-682 (N=90 (90,0), Lacandon Forest, Chiapas, Mexico,  Table 1, page 674); Greenberg, R., R. Reitsma, and A.C. Angon. 1996. Interspecific aggression by Yellow Warblers in a sun coffee plantation. Condor 98:640-642 (N=18 (18,0), Tucurú, Guatemala, Table 1, page 641).",9.97,8.62,1,15.66%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
255,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Parulidae,Setophaga,pinus,Setophaga,dominica,16,0,16,0.000031,1.0000,"Morse, D.H. 1974. Foraging of Pine Warblers allopatric and sympatric to Yellow-throated Warblers. Wilson Bulletin 86:474-477 (N=11 (11,0), Shad Landing State Park, Maryland, USA, text on page 477); Gaddis, P.K. 1983. Composition and behavior of mixed-species flocks of forest birds in north-central Florida. Florida Field Naturalist 11:25-44 (N=5 (5,0), San Felasco Hammock State Preserve, Florida, USA, Table 2, page 30); see also Ficken, R.W., M.S. Ficken, and D.H. Morse. 1968. Competition and character displacement in two sympatric pine-dwelling warblers (Dendroica, Parulidae). Evolution 22:307-314.",12.5,8.55,1,46.20%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
256,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Parulidae,Setophaga,tigrina,Setophaga,americana,38,2,40,0.000000,0.9500,"Post, W. 1978. Social and foraging behavior of warblers wintering in Pueto Rican coastal scrub. Wilson Bulletin 90:197-214 (N=14 (13,1), El Guayacán & La Cuerva Is, Pueto Rico, Table 5, page 206); Staicer, C.A. 1992. Social behavior of the Northern Parula, Cape May Warbler, and Prairie Warbler wintering in second-growth forest in southwestern Puerto Rico. Pages 308-320 in J.M. Hagan, III and D.W. Johnston, editors. Ecology and conservation of neotropical migrant landbirds. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., USA (N=26 (25,1), Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge, Puerto Rico, Table 4, page 315).",10.23,7.87,1,29.99%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
257,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Regulidae,Regulus,calendula,Regulus,satrapa,23,0,23,0.000000,1.0000,"Morse, D.H. 1970. Ecological aspects of some mixed-species foraging flocks. Ecological Monographs 40:119-168 (N=16, se Louisiana, Table 12, page 132; N=6, Cedarville State Forest, Maryland, USA, Table 13, page 132); Swanson, D.L., J.L. Ingold, and G.E. Wallace. 2008. Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus calendula), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/119 (N=1, breeding range (location not known), Social and Interspecific Behavior: Nonpredatory Interspecific Interactions).",6.2,5.62,1,10.32%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
258,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Sittidae,Sitta,carolinensis,Sitta,canadensis,8,0,8,0.007812,1.0000,"Martin, P.R., N=6, unpublished observations from Chaffey's Lock, Ontario, Canada; Martin, P.R., N=1, unpublished observations from Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Morse, D.H. 1970. Ecological aspects of some mixed-species foraging flocks. Ecological Monographs 40:119-168 (N=1, Cedarville State Forest, Maryland, Table 13, page 132)",21,9.8,1,114.29%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
259,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Sittidae,Sitta,carolinensis,Sitta,pusilla,7,3,10,0.343800,0.7000,"Morse, D.H. 1970. Ecological aspects of some mixed-species foraging flocks. Ecological Monographs 40:119-168 (N=9 (6,3), se Louisiana, USA, Table 12, page 132); Beers, C.D. 1952. Utilization of a nest-box by the Brown-headed Nuthatch. Chat 16:78-80 (N=1, cited in Slater, G.L., J.D. Lloyd, J.H. Withgott and K.G. Smith. 2013. Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla), The Birds of North America (P. G. Rodewald, Ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA; Retrieved from the Birds of North America: https://birdsna-org/Species-Account/bna/species/bnhnut; Social and Interspecific Behavior: Nonpredatory Interspecific Interactions).",21,10.2,1,105.88%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA."
260,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Sittidae,Sitta,pygmaea,Sitta,carolinensis,54,6,60,0.000000,0.9000,"Bock, C.E. 1969. Intra- vs. interspecific aggression in Pygmy Nuthatch flocks. Ecology 50:903-905 (N=60, Boulder, Colorado, USA, Table 3, page 904).",10.57,16.85,0,-37.27%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
261,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Tyrannidae,Empidonax,traillii,Empidonax,alnorum,10,0,10,0.001953,1.0000,"Prescott, D.R.C. 1987. Territorial responses to song playback in allopatric and sympatric populations of Alder (Empidonax alnorum) and Willow (E. traillii) flycatchers. Wilson Bulletin 99:611-619 (N=10, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, text on page 617).",13.37,12.69,1,5.36%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
262,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Vireonidae,Vireo,olivaceus,Vireo,gilvus,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345 (N=6, Chaffey's Lock, Ontario, Canada, Supplement 1).",17.72,13.66,1,29.72%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
263,NAm.birds,Passeriformes,Vireonidae,Vireo,olivaceus,Vireo,philadelphicus,83,3,86,0.000000,0.9651,"Robinson, S.K. 1981. Ecological relations and social interactions of Philadelphia and Red-eyed vireos. Condor 83:16-26 (N=86, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA, Table 6, page 21 and text on pages 16,20,21); see also Rice, J.C. 1978. Behavioral interactions of two interspecifically territorial vireos. I: Song discrimination and natural interactions. Animal Behaviour 26:527-549.",17.06,11.96,1,42.64%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
264,NAm.birds,Pelecaniformes,Ardeidae,Ardea,herodias,Ardea,alba,12,0,12,0.000488,1.0000,"Kushlan, J.A. 1978. Nonrigorous foraging by robbing egrets. Ecology 59:649-653 (N=5 (5,0), Everglades, Florida, USA, Table 2, page 650); R. Brown photo, http://www.flickr.com/photos/rbinv/4225411114/ (N=1 (1,0), Albany, Georgia, USA, photo of A. herodias displacing A. alba); Evens, J. and G.W. Page. 1986. Predation on Black Rails during high tides in salt marshes. Condor 88:107-109 (N=1 (1,0), Corte Madera Ecological Reserve, California, USA, page 108); J.R. Compton photo, http://www.jrcompton.com/photos/The_Birds/herons/Herons-v-egrets.html (N=1 (1,0), Texas, USA, A. herodias displacing A. alba); C.D. Peters photo, http://www.flickr.com/photos/50818498@N08/4661888966/ (N=1 (1,0), location not known, A. herodias lunging at A. alba); Lee's bird blog photo, http://leesbirdblog.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/26-great-blue-heron-ardea-herodias-chasing-26-western-great-egret-ardea-alba-by-ray.jpg?w=350&h=266 (N=1 (1,0), location unknown, A. herdias chasing A. alba in the air); youtube videos (no details), http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jw_m_LxsFtk (N=1 (1,0), location not known, A. herodias displacing and chasing A. alba in the air), http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJfWDn9jF3U (N=1 (1,0), location not known, A. herodias chasing A. alba on foot).",1794.86,801.22,1,124.02%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
265,NAm.birds,Pelecaniformes,Ardeidae,Egretta,tricolor,Egretta,caerulea,94,24,118,0.000000,0.7966,"Burger, J., D. Gladstone, D.C. Hahn, and L.M. Miller. 1977. Intra- and interspecific interactions at a mixed species roost of Ciconiiformes in San Blas, Mexico. Biology of Behaviour 2:309-327 (N=25 (18,7), San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico, Table 3, page 316); Caldwell, G.S. 1979. Social dynamics of foraging herons and egrets in tropical mixed-species flocks. PhD Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA (N=44 (39,5), Atlantic coast, central Panama; N=47 (36,11), Gamboa, Panama; N=2 (1,1), Venado Beach, Panama; Table 5, page 61 for all locations).",381.84,352.66,1,8.27%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
266,NAm.birds,Piciformes,Picidae,Melanerpes,lewis,Melanerpes,erythrocephalus,43,5,48,0.000000,0.8958,"Bock, C.E., H.H. Hadow, and P. Somers. 1971. Relations between Lewis' and Red-headed Woodpeckers in southeastern Colorado. Wilson Bulletin 83:237-248 (N=48, southeastern Colorado, USA, text on page 242).",102.2,69.49,1,47.07%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
267,NAm.birds,Piciformes,Picidae,Picoides,arcticus,Picoides,dorsalis,13,3,16,0.021270,0.8125,"Short, L.L. 1974. Habits and interactions of North American Three-toed Woodpeckers (Picoides arcticus and Picoides tridactylus). American Museum Novitates 2547:1-42 (N=16 (13,3), Eagle Creek Bog, Hamilton County, New York, USA, text on pages 35-36).",71.06,56.6,1,25.55%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
268,NAm.birds,Piciformes,Picidae,Picoides,borealis,Picoides,villosus,8,3,11,0.226600,0.7273,"Ligon, J.D. 1970. Behavior and breeding biology of the Red-cockaded Woodpecker. Auk 87:255-278 (N=2 (2,0), Gainsville, Florida, USA, text on page 275); Wood, D. A. 1983. Observations on the behavior and breeding biology of the Red-cockaded Woodpecker in Oklahoma. Pages 92-94 in Red-cockaded Woodpecker Symposium II Proceedings. (Wood, D. A., ed.) Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, Tallahassee, Florida, USA (N=3 (3,0), McCurtain County Wilderness Area, Oklahoma, USA, text on page 92); Bowman, R., D.L. Leonard, Jr., L.K. Backus, and A.R. Mains. 1999. Interspecific interactions with foraging Red-cockaded Woodpeckers in south-central Florida. Wilson Bulletin 111:346-353 (N=6 (3,3), Avon Park Air Force Range, Florida, USA, Table 1, page 348).",48,54.425,0,-11.81%,"Dunning, J. B., Jr. 2008. Body masses of birds of the world. CRC handbook of avian body masses, second edition. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA; Jackson, J.A., H.R. Ouellet and B.J. Jackson. 2002. Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu.proxy.queensu.ca/bna/species/702 [Georgia, S Carolina]"
269,NAm.birds,Piciformes,Picidae,Sphyrapicus,thyroideus,Sphyrapicus,nuchalis,16,4,20,0.011820,0.8000,"Young, R.C. 1975. Interspecific territoriality in Williamson's and Red-naped sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus thyroideus and S. varius nuchalis). Master's Thesis. University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA (N=9 (9,0), Sandia Mountains, New Mexico, USA, text on page 16); Hadow, H.H. 1977. Audible communication and its role in species recognition by Red-naped and Williamson's Sapsucker (Piciformes). Phd Thesis. University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA (N=11 (7,4), southwestern Colorado, USA, text on page 15).",50.06,46.07,1,8.66%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."
270,NAm.birds,Podicipediformes,Podicipedidae,Podiceps,grisegena,Podiceps,auritus,6,0,6,0.031250,1.0000,"Brooks, A. 1903. Notes on the birds of the Cariboo District, British Columbia. Auk 20:277-284 (N=3+ (3,0), Cariboo District, British Columbia, Canada, text on page 278); Eadie, J.M., J.-P.L. Savard, and M.L. Mallory. 2000. Barrow's Goldeneye (Bucephala islandica), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu /bna/species/548 (N=1+, central British Columbia, Canada, Eadie et al. 2000: Spacing: Territoriality: Dominance Hierarchy among Species); De Smet, K.D. 1983. Breeding ecology and productivity of Red-necked Grebes in Turtle Mountain Provincial Park, Manitoba. MSc. thesis, Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA (N=1, Turtle Mountain Provincial Park, Manitoba, Canada, Table 3, page 26); Munro, J.A. 1941. The grebes: studies of waterfowl in British Columbia. British Columbia Provincial Museum Occasional Papers No. 3 (N=1, British Columbia, Canada, text on page 20).",1001.21,355.76,1,181.43%,"Freshwater, C., C.K. Ghalambor and P.R. Martin. 2014. Repeated patterns of trait divergence between closely related dominant and subordinate bird species. Ecology 95:2334-2345."