Supplemental File S4: Akainacephalus johnsoni element measurements,,,
A new southern Laramidian ankylosaurid Akainacephalus johnsoni gen. et sp. nov. from the upper Campanian Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah,,,
"Jelle P. Wiersma1,2,3*, Randall B. Irmis2,3",,,
"1Department of Geosciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia",,,
"2Natural History Museum of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America; 3Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America ",,,
*Email: jelle.wiersma@my.jcu.edu.au,,,
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CRANIAL ELEMENTS,MEASURED AREA OF ELEMENT,MEASUREMENT IN MM,RATIOS
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Skull,,,
,oblique long axis left orbital,71.39,
,oblique short axis left orbital,52.11,
,maximum oblique (long axis) anteroposterior length left nares,46.22,
,maximum anteroposterior length left nares,30.34,
,maximum dorsoventral height left nares,34.9,
,oblique long axis right orbital,84.33,
,oblique short axis right orbital,34.34,
,maximum oblique (long axis) anteroposterior length right nares,56.48,
,maximum anteroposterior length right nares,35.97,
,maximum dorsoventral height right nares,49.36,
"	",,,
,maximum dorsal transverse width loreal caputegulae,219.16,
,dorsal width of skull of the constriction between lacrimal and loreal caputegulae,168.5,
,maximum dorsal width across postorbital horns,327.94,
,maximum dorsal anteroposterior dorsal length of skull,299.33,
"	",,,
,maximum width across nuchal shelf in posterior view,282.71,
,maximum transverse width anterior face of premaxillae,182.42,
"	",,,
,maximum ventral width across premaxillae,190.72,
,maximum ventral width across quadratojugal horns,307.56,
,maximum width across basioccipital,64.87,
,maximum width across occipital condyle,51.15,
,maximum width across exoccipitals,208.02,
,maximum transverse width across foramen magnum,29.18,
,maximum width across nuchal shelf,253.3,
,maximum anteroposterior length across occipital condyle (basioccipital) and basisphenoid,75.25,
,maximum dorsoventral height foramen magnum,24.7,
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"Mandibles			",,,
Left,max length,214,
,max depth incl mandibular osteoderm,116,
,length of dentary with alveolar cavities,118.2,
,length mandibular osteoderm,115.5,
,width of glenoid and articular (mediolateral along long axis),55.5,
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Right,max length,209,
,max depth incl mandibular osteoderm,109,
,length of dentary with alveolar cavities,absent,
,length mandibular osteoderm,111,
,width of glenoid and articular (mediolateral along long axis),>47 (incomplete),
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POSTCRANIAL ELEMENTS,MEASURED AREA OF ELEMENT,MEASUREMENT IN MM,RATIOS
"				",,,
Cervical vertebra,anteroposterior length centrum,64,
,dorsoventral height centrum,59,
,transverse width centrum,44,
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"Free Anterior dorsals 			",,,
HMG-09-69 (D-15?),max height base centrum-tip neural spine,283,
,max width across transverse processes,125,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,268,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,283,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,151,
,max height centrum anterior face,83.9,
,max width centrum anterior face,54 but broken,
,max height centrum posterior face,89.2,
,max width centrum posterior face,61.3,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,148.2,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,187,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,147,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,198,
,length transverse processes measured from tangent between neural spine and transverse process,77,
,height neural canal anterior,43.1,
,width neural canal anterior,9.9,
,height neural canal posterior,46.4,
,width neural canal posterior,11.9,
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HMG-09-98 (D-10?),max height base centrum-tip neural spine,312,
,max width across transverse processes,148.6,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,287,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,132,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,74.2,
,max height centrum anterior face,94.5,
,max width centrum anterior face,76.3,
,max height centrum posterior face,110.9,
,max width centrum posterior face,~93 uncertain due to breakage,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,156,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,212,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,167,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,215,
,length transverse processes measured from tangent between neural spine and transverse process,73,
,height neural canal anterior,48.2,
,width neural canal anterior,23.1,
,height neural canal posterior,47.5,
,width neural canal posterior,11.5,
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"Dorsal vertebrae with fused ribs			",,,
"Posterior dorsal vertebra with shorter ribs			",,,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine,270,
,max width across transverse processes,155,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,267,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,270,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,102.1,
,max height centrum anterior face,83.5,
,max width centrum anterior face,78.5,
,max height centrum posterior face,88.8,
,max width centrum posterior face,90.3,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,161,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,204,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,152,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,188,
,length transverse processes measured from tangent between neural spine and transverse process: left side,77,
,right side,73,
,height neural canal anterior,40.4,
,width neural canal anterior,13,
,height neural canal posterior,39.2,
,width neural canal posterior,15.6,
,max width including ribs (tip to tip),812,
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"Posterior dorsal vertebra with longer ribs	",,,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine,215,
,max width across transverse processes,140,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,215,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,195,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,106.9,
,max height centrum anterior face,78,
,max width centrum anterior face,79.9,
,max height centrum posterior face,85.2,
,max width centrum posterior face,81.8,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,11.8,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,14.3,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,obscured,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,120,
,length transverse processes measured from tangent between neural spine and transverse process: left,60,
,right,62,
,height neural canal anterior,23.8,
,width neural canal anterior,15.1,
,height neural canal posterior,obscured,
,width neural canal posterior,obscured,
,max width including ribs (tip to tip),896,
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Anterior Caudal Verts (unfused) ,,,
"1 being most anterior, 9 most posterior.","	",,
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Proximal caudal 1,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,>359,
,max width across transverse processes,>287,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,270,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,295,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,65.6,
,max height centrum anterior face,106.3,
,max width centrum anterior face,87.9,
,max height centrum posterior face,115.2,
,max width centrum posterior face,94.8,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,124,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,161,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,127,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,180,
,max length haemal arch,incomplete,
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Proximal caudal 2,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,>385,
,max width across transverse processes,>233,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,264,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,284,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,54.8,
,max height centrum anterior face,117.6,
,max width centrum anterior face,85.9,
,max height centrum posterior face,120.6,
,max width centrum posterior face,95.3,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,118.3,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,155,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,119.7,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,164,
,max length haemal arch,unknown,
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Proximal caudal 3,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,>314,
,max width across transverse processes,>152.2,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,208,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,217,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,61.5,
,max height centrum anterior face,109.2,
,max width centrum anterior face,91.5,
,max height centrum posterior face,96.6,
,max width centrum posterior face,87.6,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,66.2,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,99,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,68.2,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,118,
,max length haemal arch,111,
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Proximal caudal 4,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,>241,
,max width across transverse processes,>111.1,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,155,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,169,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,50.8,
,max height centrum anterior face,88.3,
,max width centrum anterior face,80,
,max height centrum posterior face,90,
,max width centrum posterior face,93.6,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,47.5,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,71,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,49.9,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,78.3,
,max length haemal arch,103,
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Proximal caudal 5,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,>291.5,
,max width across transverse processes,unknown,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,199,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,199,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,57.1,
,max height centrum anterior face,97.9,
,max width centrum anterior face,80.8,
,max height centrum posterior face,94.7,
,max width centrum posterior face,76,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,55.6,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,103.2,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,55.4,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,104,
,max length haemal arch,>101.6,
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Proximal caudal 6,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,>247,
,max width across transverse processes,unknown,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,145.7,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,159,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,60.5,
,max height centrum anterior face,88.2,
,max width centrum anterior face,73.5,
,max height centrum posterior face,88.3,
,max width centrum posterior face,74.7,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,27,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,56.3,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,32.2,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,70.6,
,max length haemal arch,98.7,
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Proximal caudal 7,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,>126,
,max width across transverse processes,>90.4,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,179,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,187,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,59.7,
,max height centrum anterior face,74.3,
,max width centrum anterior face,77.8,
,max height centrum posterior face,83.4,
,max width centrum posterior face,81.8,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,92.1,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,115.7,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,86.2,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,97.3,
,max length haemal arch,unknown,
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Proximal caudal 8,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,unknown,
,max width across transverse processes,>103.1,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,168,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,170,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,59.1,
,max height centrum anterior face,73.4,
,max width centrum anterior face,82.4,
,max height centrum posterior face,79.1,
,max width centrum posterior face,79.1,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,65.9,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,92.5,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,60.4,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,87.2,
,max length haemal arch,absent,
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Proximal caudal 9,max height base haemal arch-tip neural spine,x,
,max width across transverse processes,x,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine anterior face,x,
,max height base centrum-tip neural spine posterior face,x,
,max length centrum posterior-anterior,x,
,max height centrum anterior face,x,
,max width centrum anterior face,x,
,max height centrum posterior face,x,
,max width centrum posterior face,x,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch anterior face,x,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch anterior face,x,
,max length neural spine w/out neural arch posterior face,x,
,max length neural spine incl neural arch posterior face,x,
,max length haemal arch,x,
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(Syn)Sacrum,max length including sacrodorsals,694,
,max width across sacral ribs 1,>530,
,length sacrodorsals (3 fused verts),287,
,length sacral verts (5),407,
,lateral length  right sacral rib 1 (from dorsal centrum),244,
,lateral length right sacral rib 2 (from dorsal centrum),225,
,lateral length right sacral rib 3 (from dorsal centrum),193,
,lateral length right sacral rib 4 (from dorsal centrum),160,
,lateral length right sacral rib 5 (from dorsal centrum),150,
,anteroposterior length articular surface right rib 1 (dorsal surface),37.8,
,anteroposterior length articular surface right rib 2 (dorsal surface),60.5,
,anteroposterior length articular surface right rib 3 (dorsal surface),82.9,
,anteroposterior length articular surface right rib 4 (dorsal surface),69.5,
,anteroposterior length articular surface right rib 5 (dorsal surface),88.6,
,ventrodorsal length articular surface right rib 1,not present,
,ventrodorsal length articular surface right rib 2,91.8,
,ventrodorsal length articular surface right rib 3,79.7,
,ventrodorsal length articular surface right rib 4,69.9,
,ventrodorsal length articular surface right rib 5,59.3,
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Left Scapula,max lateral length up to coracoid process,380,
,max medial length up to coracoid process,341,
,max width posterior end,184,
,max width anterior end (glenoid and coracoid process),173,
,min width of center of scapular blade,142,
,max thickness posterior end of scapular blade,24,
,max thickness acromion and coracoid articular surface,111,
,max height glenoid,75,
,max width glenoid,85,
,max height articular surface for coracoid attachment,121.5,
,max width articular surface for coracoid attachment(acromion excluded),70,
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Right Coracoid,lenoid width between scapula and coracoid,95,
,max length coracoid lateral side,166,
,max width coracoid lateral side,191,
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Right Humerus,max length humerus,299,
,min lateral medial width mid humeral shaft,61,
,circumeference narrow part of shaft,207,
,max distal width (between radial and ulna condyle),120.5,
,max proximal width (humeral head),120,
,max length deltapectoral crest,196,
,max width between deltapectoral crest and humeral shaft,125,
,max width between deltapectoral crest and humeral head,168,
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Radius,max length radius,207,
,"max width radius proximal end (broken)		",,
,max width radius distal end (broken),>51,
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Femur,Total length (femoral head-medial condyle,464,
,max mediolateral proximal width,161,
,max mediolateral distal width,195,
,max anteroposterior proximal width (femoral head),116.8,
,max anteroposterior distal width,109.5,
,min mediolateral width midshaft,89.3,
,max anteroposterior diagonal length medial condyle,136.8,
,max mediolateral width shaft (incl 4th trochanter),90.1,
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Fibula,max length proximal-distal ends,397,
,max anteroposterior width proximal end (fibula head),112.9,
,max anteroposterior width distal end (lateral malleus),81.2,
,anteroposterior width midshaft,53.5,
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ARMOR,MEASURED AREA OF ELEMENT,MEASUREMENT IN MM,RATIOS
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Tail Club,"LEFT LATERAL OSTEODERM		",,
,max length left lateral osteoderm dorsal view,260,
,max length left lateral osteoderm ventral view,255,
,max width (medial-lateral) left lateral osteoderm dorsal view,168,
,max width (medial-lateral) left lateral osteoderm ventral view,164,
,max dorsoventral thickness left lateral osteoderm,182,
"			",,,
,"RIGHT LATERAL OSTEODERM		",,
,max length right lateral osteoderm dorsal view,265,
,max length right lateral osteoderm ventral view,285,
,max width (medial-lateral) right lateral osteoderm  dorsal view,184,
,max width (medial-lateral) right lateral osteoderm ventral view,185,
,max dorsoventral thickness right lateral osteoderm,134,
"			",,,
,"CAUDAL OSTEODERM		",,
,max length (posterior-anterior) caudal osteoderm dorsal view,161,
,max length (posterior-anterior) caudal osteoderm ventral view,?,
,max width (lateral-lateral) caudal osteoderm dorsal view,198,
,max width (lateral-lateral) caudal osteoderm ventral view,198,
,max dorsoventral thickness caudal osteoderm,93,
,Total length/width ratio,,"337/363=0.93	"
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"Cervical rings			",,,
Ring 1,max lateral - lateral width (coronal?),501,
,max dorsoventral height,251.5,
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"Ring 2 (only left half is preserved)	",,,
,max width (based on 2xhalf width),~460,
,max dorsoventral height,~222.5,
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