Fig. 1A,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose. Optimization of HCl molar concentration in semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose sustained by autoclaving for 30 min. For optimization of HCl molar concentration, semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose using various molarities of HCl was conducted at a constant period of autoclaving for 30 min. The mean values of three replicates and standard errors are shown.",,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
HCl morality,R1,R2,R3,Mean,SD,SE,,,,,,
0 (H2O),0,0,0,0,0,0,,,,,,
0.5,42,37,43,40.7,3.2,1.86,,,,,,
1,76,61,80,72.3,10.02,5.78,,,,,,
1.5,116,86,89,97,16.52,9.54,,,,,,
2,152,111,100,121,27.4,15.82,,,,,,
2.5,156,135,195,162,30.45,17.58,,,,,,
3,236,151,171,186,44.44,25.66,,,,,,
3.5,200,182,248,210,34.12,19.69,,,,,,
4,228,200,299,242.3,51.03,29.46,,,,,,
4.5,240,309,227,258.7,44.07,25.45,,,,,,
5,247,262,340,283,49.93,28.83,,,,,,
5.5,276,260,361,299,54.29,31.34,,,,,,
6,308,398,287,331,58.97,34.04,,,,,,
6.5,397,283,300,326.7,61.5,35.51,,,,,,
7,268.5,352,374,331.5,55.66,32.1,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
Fig. 1B,,,,,,,,,,,,
Semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose. Autoclaving period optimization for semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose at 6M HCl. The determined optimum molarity of 6 M HCl for semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose was used for determining the optimum period of autoclaving at constant 6M HCl. Period (0.0) of autoclaving is after acid treatment (addition of 6M HCl) before autoclaving. Control samples with no acid treatment (replaced by water) were subjected to various periods of autoclaving used. The mean values of three replicates and standard errors are shown.,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
Period of autoclaving,Acid treatment (6M HCl),,,,,,No acid (H2O),,,,,
,R1,R2,R3,Mean,SD,SE,R1,R2,R3,,,
0,46,28,32,35.3,9.45,5.46,0,0,0,,,
5,174,139.5,136.5,150,20.84,12.03,0,0,0,,,
10,198,260,202,220,34.7,20.03,0,0,0,,,
20,250,228,321,266.3,48.6,28.06,0,0,0,,,
30,308,398,287,331,58.97,34.04,0,0,0,,,
40,453,335,354,380.7,63.36,36.58,0,0,0,,,
50,403,364,469,412,53.08,30.64,0,0,0,,,
60,492,362,385,413,69.38,40.05,0,0,0,,,
70,422,459,349,410,55.97,32.32,0,0,0,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
Fig. 2,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Efficiency of semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose. The efficiency of semidry acid hydrolysis of various cellulosic feedstock is represented in percent hydrolysis of pure cellulose (A), wheat bran (B), sawdust (C), sugarcane bagasse (D). The mean values of three replicates and standard errors are shown.",,,,,,,,,,,,
,R1,R2,R3,Mean,SD,SE,,,,,,
A,40.3,36.4,46.9,41.2,5.31,3.06,,,,,,
B,69,73,53,65,10.58,6.11,,,,,,
C,27.5,29.5,36,31,4.44,2.57,,,,,,
D,54.5,41,43.5,46.3,7.18,4.15,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
Fig. 3A,,,,,,,,,,,,
Growth of Escherichia coli as indicator of its utilization of reducing sugars prepared by semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose as a carbon source. The aerobic growth of Escherichia coli on reducing sugars of semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose in basal medium (BM) was followed spectrophotometrically at 600 nm to follow up the ability of Escherichia coli for utilizing the reducing sugars produced from semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose. The mean values of three replicates and standard errors are shown.,,,,,,,,,,,,
Time,R1,R2,R3,Mean,S. D,S. E.,,,,,,
0,0.05,0.05,0.05,0.05,0,0,,,,,,
1,0.06,0.07,0.06,0.063,0.005,0.003,,,,,,
2,0.09,0.12,0.1,0.1,0.015,0.0088,,,,,,
4,0.2,0.31,0.24,0.25,0.055,0.03,,,,,,
6,0.42,0.53,0.4,0.45,0.07,0.04,,,,,,
8,0.77,0.97,0.66,0.8,0.157,0.09,,,,,,
10,1.13,1.42,1.05,1.2,0.194,0.11,,,,,,
12,1.54,1.93,1.48,1.65,0.244,0.14,,,,,,
14,1.78,2.13,1.65,1.85,0.248,0.14,,,,,,
16,1.93,2.19,1.6,1.9,0.295,0.17,,,,,,
18,1.79,2.18,1.68,1.88,0.262,0.15,,,,,,
20,1.77,2.24,1.69,1.9,0.297,0.17,,,,,,
22,1.95,2.09,1.58,1.87,0.263,0.15,,,,,,
24,1.73,2.17,1.63,1.84,0.2872,0.1658,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
Fig. 3B,,,,,,,,,,,,
Calibration of OD (600 nm) versus dry cell weight (DCW) of Escherichia coli aerobic growth on reducing sugars of semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose in Basal Mineral (BM) medium. The mean values of three replicates and standard errors are shown.,,,,,,,,,,,,
OD600 nm,DCW (g / L),,,,,,,,,,,
,R1,R2,R3,Mean,S. D,S. E.,,,,,,
0.25,0.09,0.11,0.16,0.12,0.036,0.021,,,,,,
0.5,0.24,0.17,0.25,0.22,0.044,0.025,,,,,,
1,0.36,0.47,0.34,0.39,0.07,0.04,,,,,,
1.5,0.46,0.41,0.6,0.49,0.098,0.057,,,,,,
2,0.64,0.56,0.9,0.7,0.178,0.1,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
Fig. 5,,,,,,,,,,,,
Dark fermentation cumulative hydrogen gas production by Escherichia coli strain TFYM from reducing sugars prepared by semidry acid hydrolysis of cellulose. The cumulative hydrogen gas production (ml H2 L-1) by Escherichia coli TFYM dark fermentation was followed. The rate of hydrogen gas production (ml H2 L-1 h-1) was estimated along the fermentation period. The mean values and standard errors of three independent fermentation experiments are shown.,,,,,,,,,,,,
Time,Cumulative (ml H2 L-1),,,,,,Rate (ml H2 L-1 h-1),,,,,
,R1,R2,R3,M,SD,SE,R1,R2,R3,M,SD,SE
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
4,14,16,11,13.7,2.5,1.45,7,8,5.5,6.8,1.26,0.73
6,33,35,25,31,5.3,3.06,9.5,9.5,7,8.67,1.44,0.83
8,63,65,48,58.67,9.3,5.4,15,15,11.5,13.8,2.02,1.17
10,102,122,92,105.3,15.3,8.8,19,28,22,23.3,4.65,2.68
12,130,153,115,132.7,19.1,11.1,14,15.5,11.5,13.67,2.02,1.17
14,155,179,134,156,22.5,13,12.5,13,9.5,11.67,1.89,1.09
20,172,201,154,175.7,23.7,13.7,2.83,3.67,3.33,3.28,0.42,0.24
25,187,219,167,191,26.2,15.1,3,3.6,2.6,3.07,0.5,0.29
30,191,227,172,196.7,27.9,16.1,0.8,1.6,1,1.13,0.42,0.24
40,198,237,180,205,29.1,16.8,0.7,1,0.8,0.83,0.15,0.09
50,198,237,180,205,29.1,16.8,0,0,0,0,0,0
,,,,,,,,,,,,
Fig. 6,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Estimated hydrogen gas yield of Escherichia coli strain TFYM from reducing sugars prepared by semidry acid hydrolysis of various cellulosic feedstock. The hydrogen yield was estimated for dark fermentation by Escherichia coli strain TFYM from reducing sugars of semidry acid hydrolyzed cellulose (A), wheat bran (B), sawdust (C) and sugarcane bagasse (D). The mean values and standard errors of three independent fermentation experiments are shown.",,,,,,,,,,,,
,R1,R2,R3,M,SD,SE,,,,,,
A,19.8,23.7,18,20.5,2.91,1.68,,,,,,
B,41,30,37,36,5.56,3.21,,,,,,
C,17.2,20.8,16,18,2.5,1.44,,,,,,
D,29.4,28,38.6,32,5.76,3.32,,,,,,