% LEACH Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

% Parameters
numNodes = 100; % Number of nodes in the network
rounds = 50; % Number of rounds
threshold = 0.05; % Threshold for selecting cluster heads
initialEnergy = 1; % Initial energy level of each node

% Randomly deploy nodes in a 2D field
x = rand(1, numNodes) * 100; % X-coordinate
y = rand(1, numNodes) * 100; % Y-coordinate

% Initialize energy levels for each node
energy = initialEnergy * ones(1, numNodes);

for round = 1:rounds
    % Election of cluster heads
    if rand < threshold
        clusterHeads = randperm(numNodes, round);
        
        % Compute distances from cluster heads to all nodes
        distances = sqrt((x - x(clusterHeads)).^2 + (y - y(clusterHeads)).^2);
        
        % Nodes join the cluster of the nearest cluster head
        [~, clusterIdx] = min(distances);
        
        % Update energy levels (for simplicity, we assume equal energy consumption)
        energy(clusterHeads) = energy(clusterHeads) - 0.1;
        energy = energy - 0.1;
    end
    
    % Data transmission and processing
    % (Assume some data transmission and processing happens here)
    
    % Update energy levels (for simplicity, we assume equal energy consumption)
    energy = energy - 0.1;
    
    % Check for dead nodes and remove them
    deadNodes = find(energy <= 0);
    numNodes = numNodes - length(deadNodes);
    x(deadNodes) = [];
    y(deadNodes) = [];
    energy(deadNodes) = [];
end

% Display the final state of the network
figure;
scatter(x, y, 50, 'filled');
hold on;
scatter(x(clusterHeads), y(clusterHeads), 50, 'r', 'filled'); % Cluster heads in red
title('LEACH Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks');
xlabel('X-coordinate');
ylabel('Y-coordinate');
legend('Normal Nodes', 'Cluster Heads');
hold off; % Parameters
num_nodes = 100; % Number of sensor nodes
network_lifetime = 0; % Initialize network lifetime

% Energy consumption in different states (in Joules)
energy_sensing = 0.1; % Example value, replace with actual energy consumption
energy_transmitting = 0.5; % Example value, replace with actual energy consumption
energy_receiving = 0.3; % Example value, replace with actual energy consumption
energy_sleeping = 0.01; % Example value, replace with actual energy consumption

% Duty cycle for each state (proportion of time spent in each state)
duty_cycle_sensing = 0.2; % Example value, replace with actual duty cycle
duty_cycle_transmitting = 0.3; % Example value, replace with actual duty cycle
duty_cycle_receiving = 0.1; % Example value, replace with actual duty cycle
duty_cycle_sleeping = 0.4; % Example value, replace with actual duty cycle

% Simulation time (in seconds)
simulation_time = 24 * 3600; % Example: 24 hours

% Calculate energy consumption during the simulation
total_energy_consumption = num_nodes * (...
    duty_cycle_sensing * energy_sensing + ...
    duty_cycle_transmitting * energy_transmitting + ...
    duty_cycle_receiving * energy_receiving + ...
    duty_cycle_sleeping * energy_sleeping...
    );

% Calculate network lifetime in days
network_lifetime_days = simulation_time / (total_energy_consumption / num_nodes);

fprintf('Estimated network lifetime: %.2f days\n', network_lifetime_days);
% Parameters
num_nodes = 100; % Number of sensor nodes
data_packet_size = 100; % Data packet size in bits
transmission_range = 50; % Transmission range in meters
simulation_time = 1000; % Simulation time in seconds

% Energy consumption in different states (in Joules)
energy_transmitting = 0.5; % Example value, replace with actual energy consumption
energy_receiving = 0.3; % Example value, replace with actual energy consumption

% Cluster formation parameters
p = 0.1; % Percentage of nodes to become cluster heads

% Simulation
total_data_transmitted = 0;

for time = 1:simulation_time
    % LEACH cluster formation (simplified for demonstration)
    if mod(time, round(1/p)) == 0
        % Nodes advertise themselves as potential cluster heads
        % Cluster heads are selected based on some criteria (not included in this example)
        % Clusters are formed, and cluster heads are responsible for data aggregation
    end
    
    % Data transmission within clusters (simplified for demonstration)
    % Assuming each node sends a data packet to its cluster head
    data_transmitted_per_round = num_nodes * data_packet_size;
    
    % Calculate energy consumption during data transmission
    energy_consumed_transmitting = num_nodes * energy_transmitting;
    
    % Calculate energy consumption during data reception at cluster heads
    energy_consumed_receiving = energy_receiving;
    
    % Update total data transmitted
    total_data_transmitted = total_data_transmitted + data_transmitted_per_round;
end

% Calculate throughput (bits per second)
throughput = total_data_transmitted / simulation_time;

fprintf('LEACH Throughput: %.2f bps\n', throughput);