Page 1 Program: Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Analysis (TWOSEX-MSChart) ************************************************************************************* Insects and mites are age-stage-structured. Stage differentiation is important to insect physiology, biochemistry, ecology, etc., and is essential when trying to quantify the damage caused by a pest population or the control efficacy of a predator population. We should not ignore this unique feature. Males are important, too. We should not ignore the contribution of male population to biological control. Because the age-stage, two-sex life table includes both sexes, the effect of sex ratio on the population parameters can be taken into consideration when the bootstrap method is used. However, if a female only life table is used, the effect of sex ratio is totally ignored. ************************************************************************************* Date: 25.07.2023 Time: 21:44:27 Ver. 07/20/2023 ================================================================================== * ATTENTION! * * The useful files are listed in sequence. The file '_0A_Life table_Output.txt' * * contains all raw data and analytical results of your life table. You should * * carefully read this file several times to check your results, to find useful * * information. Due to the limitation of table listing, only limited digits are * * listed in all tables. Therefore, you should not use these data to prepare * * your graphs. For the preparation of graphs, many files with '_Fig_' in file * * name can be imported into SigmaPlot or Excel. Then you can plot nice figures * * with ease. I suggest you use SigmaPlot, because Excel cannot produce high * * quality figures. * ================================================================================== Project: Erol Ver. 07/20/2023 Username: WorldPeace. Pt:58 Treatment: Nabis **************************************** * Time unit used: 1 * **************************************** * Fecundity coefficient: 1 * **************************************** Table 1. Number of time units spent by each individual in each stage, preadult and total longevity ============================================================================================================== Indiv. Sex Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Adult Preadult Total longevity -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 F 10 4 1 1 7 6 73 29 102 F 2 M 10 4 1 1 4 6 77 26 103 M 3 F 8 4 1 2 5 6 67 26 93 F 4 M 10 3 2 3 3 5 76 26 102 M 5 F 10 3 3 2 3 6 71 27 98 F 6 M 10 3 2 2 3 6 28 26 54 M 7 F 10 3 2 3 5 4 59 27 86 F 8 M 10 4 2 3 3 5 79 27 106 M 9 M 10 3 1 2 4 5 1 25 26 M 10 F 10 2 2 2 4 4 88 24 112 F 11 F 10 3 1 2 3 4 76 23 99 F 12 M 10 5 2 3 6 3 1 29 30 M 13 N 10 2 2 2 2 5 d - - 23 N* 14 N 10 2 3 2 2 d - - - 19 N* 15 N 9 3 2 2 5 d - - - 21 N* 16 F 9 4 1 2 6 6 71 28 99 F 17 F 10 3 2 2 4 4 73 25 98 F 18 F 10 3 3 2 4 5 79 27 106 F 19 F 10 3 2 2 5 6 66 28 94 F 20 M 10 4 1 2 4 5 68 26 94 M 21 M 10 4 2 3 3 5 72 27 99 M 22 M 10 3 2 2 3 5 54 25 79 M 23 M 10 3 2 3 3 5 78 26 104 M -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 23 23 23 23 21 20 20 20 23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 9,83 3,26 1,83 2,17 4 5,05 62,85 26,35 80,3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum 10 5 3 3 7 6 88 29 112 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Minimum 8 2 1 1 2 3 1 23 19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Variance 0,24 0,57 0,42 0,33 1,6 0,79 598,13 2,34 1059,95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 0,49 0,75 0,65 0,58 1,26 0,89 24,46 1,53 32,56 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 0,102 0,157 0,136 0,12 0,276 0,198 5,469 0,342 6,789 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Max. longevity of male adult = 79 Max. longevity of female adult = 88 Max. total longevity of female = 112 Number of individuals developed to female adult stage = 10 Number of individuals developed to male adult stage = 10 Max. total longevity of male = 106 Number of individuals died in immature stage = 3 Page 2 Table 2. Age-specific fecundity of each individual based on "adult age". ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 0-<1 1-<2 2-<3 3-<4 4-<5 5-<6 6-<7 7-<8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,63 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 3 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 8-<9 9-<10 10-<11 11-<12 12-<13 13-<14 14-<15 15-<16 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 7 11 6 0 0 8 16 17 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 1 0 0 1 3 0 0 7 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 15 10 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 11 2 11 13 3 15 11 0 25 16 0 6 3 0 0 4 8 9 17 6 3 7 5 0 12 0 6 18 3 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 19 0 1 7 11 0 0 13 12 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 2,3 3,4 3,7 2,1 1,6 4 3,9 8,4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 2,79 4,4 4,42 3,54 4,72 4,69 6,15 8,78 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 0,883 1,392 1,399 1,12 1,492 1,483 1,946 2,778 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 4 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 16-<17 17-<18 18-<19 19-<20 20-<21 21-<22 22-<23 23-<24 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 22 14 13 0 1 8 6 10 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 1 0 3 0 0 2 7 8 0 14 24 9 7 11 15 10 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 5 11 7 12 9 7 2 5 13 9 16 12 7 7 0 0 4 3 5 17 3 12 6 0 13 16 8 11 18 0 1 0 1 4 0 1 3 19 7 13 22 11 0 1 8 15 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 6,1 5,9 7,2 4,3 3,4 4,1 5,2 7,5 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 6,9 6,28 7,44 7,9 4,33 5,2 4,69 5,3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 2,183 1,986 2,351 2,499 1,368 1,643 1,482 1,675 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 5 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 24-<25 25-<26 26-<27 27-<28 28-<29 29-<30 30-<31 31-<32 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 3 12 4 3 9 5 17 9 3 1 0 10 11 8 16 12 12 5 6 2 0 6 6 0 10 0 7 5 10 12 21 16 0 23 16 10 1 2 6 10 3 0 1 1 11 7 16 1 8 10 6 10 8 16 7 11 8 10 13 8 14 10 17 8 12 6 8 11 15 14 0 18 8 3 0 1 6 0 9 1 19 10 7 20 10 6 17 10 9 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 5,6 7,5 6,7 8,8 8,8 6,7 12 6,6 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 3,06 5,46 6,22 5,39 3,85 7,04 5,73 5,7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 0,968 1,727 1,967 1,705 1,218 2,226 1,814 1,802 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 6 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 32-<33 33-<34 34-<35 35-<36 36-<37 37-<38 38-<39 39-<40 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 7 7 4 7 16 9 15 6 3 11 14 11 11 16 20 12 12 5 0 9 8 16 10 12 13 0 7 0 28 0 22 23 12 11 13 10 1 9 2 0 1 0 4 7 11 12 5 13 0 15 6 16 14 16 11 9 7 12 18 12 13 10 17 18 8 0 17 0 22 20 8 18 0 1 8 10 9 10 8 1 19 23 0 16 4 12 16 9 13 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 8,3 9 6,9 9,9 12 11,9 12,1 8,4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 8,17 7,83 5,45 7,29 7,27 6,44 4,48 4,97 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 2,582 2,477 1,722 2,307 2,3 2,036 1,418 1,572 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 7 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 40-<41 41-<42 42-<43 43-<44 44-<45 45-<46 46-<47 47-<48 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 17 11 13 4 12 9 18 3 3 14 12 10 15 14 5 6 4 5 23 0 5 2 0 21 10 9 7 17 5 22 11 12 20 14 11 10 6 4 2 1 0 0 9 21 11 10 3 14 17 8 8 14 3 16 16 10 14 9 8 7 11 2 17 13 17 8 7 20 7 0 16 18 12 0 3 5 0 20 10 14 19 6 11 17 4 20 12 11 20 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 13,4 7,3 10,8 7,5 9,4 10,9 10,3 10,3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 5,25 5,7 6,41 5,42 7,66 7,19 4,88 7,24 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 1,661 1,802 2,026 1,714 2,423 2,273 1,542 2,29 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 8 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 48-<49 49-<50 50-<51 51-<52 52-<53 53-<54 54-<55 55-<56 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 21 10 9 14 5 3 13 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 11 13 11 5 19 0 16 7 7 22 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 10 15 9 14 12 14 13 16 17 11 0 13 11 12 13 7 7 12 16 0 0 0 7 0 0 10 7 17 12 10 14 0 16 6 5 0 18 11 13 11 5 16 0 15 7 19 0 22 9 0 7 3 0 4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 9,2 9 10,5 5,5 9 3,2 8,2 6,1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 8,75 7,16 7,38 5,58 7,47 4,34 6,73 5,51 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 2,768 2,266 2,335 1,765 2,362 1,373 2,128 1,741 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 9 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 56-<57 57-<58 58-<59 59-<60 60-<61 61-<62 62-<63 63-<64 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 4 4 15 0 8 0 0 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 13 3 5 8 8 10 6 5 7 0 0 0 d - - - - - 10 5 17 8 14 15 14 8 13 11 11 5 9 2 10 4 10 0 16 2 0 6 0 0 0 0 3 17 3 0 5 0 5 0 4 0 18 14 14 3 8 10 15 13 7 19 7 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 5,9 4,3 5,5 3,56 6,22 4,78 4,56 3,56 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 5,17 6,24 4,45 5,17 5,36 6,44 4,98 4,39 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 1,636 1,972 1,408 1,725 1,786 2,146 1,659 1,464 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 10 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 64-<65 65-<66 66-<67 67-<68 68-<69 69-<70 70-<71 71-<72 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 5 0 0 4 1 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 d - - - - - 5 12 5 8 2 7 7 2 d - 7 - - - - - - - - 10 15 10 8 17 15 4 20 10 11 8 1 14 8 0 11 6 0 16 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 d - 17 7 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 14 10 6 11 13 15 7 8 19 0 0 d - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 9 9 8 7 7 7 7 5 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 6,78 3,33 4,5 6 5,29 5,57 5 3,6 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 6,02 4,21 5,32 6,35 6,45 5,74 7,23 4,98 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 2,005 1,404 1,88 2,4 2,437 2,17 2,734 2,227 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 11 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 72-<73 73-<74 74-<75 75-<76 76-<77 77-<78 78-<79 79-<80 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 0 d - - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - - 7 - - - - - - - - 10 18 10 17 6 16 9 9 8 11 3 0 11 0 d - - - - 16 - - - - - - - - 17 0 d - - - - - - - 18 3 8 9 8 9 7 4 d - 19 - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 5 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 4,8 6 12,33 4,67 12,5 8 6,5 8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 7,53 5,29 4,16 4,16 4,95 1,41 3,54 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 3,367 3,055 2,404 2,404 3,5 1 2,5 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 12 Table 2. (Continued) ===================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 80-<81 81-<82 82-<83 83-<84 84-<85 85-<86 86-<87 87-<88 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - - 7 - - - - - - - - 10 17 7 11 14 4 8 11 5 d 11 - - - - - - - - 16 - - - - - - - - 17 - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - 19 - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 17 7 11 14 4 8 11 5 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 13 Table 2. (Continued) =============================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. Total Ovi-days Ovi-unit(=n) Eggs/OU SE(Eggs/OU) Adult (d) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 488 54 54 9,04 0,72 73 3 258 24 24 10,75 0,95 67 5 368 47 47 7,83 0,78 71 7 477 33 33 14,45 1,22 59 10 576 64 64 9 0,71 88 11 558 61 61 9,15 0,6 76 16 354 42 42 8,43 0,6 71 17 454 45 45 10,09 0,77 73 18 449 57 57 7,88 0,63 79 19 460 42 42 10,95 0,9 66 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- N 10 10 10 469 OU 469 OU 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 444,2 46,9 46,9 9,47 * - 72,3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 95,63 12,53 12,53 5,47 * - 7,85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 30,239 3,962 3,96 0,25 * - 2,481 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Please read "Note well" messages. d -dead. OU - Oviposition time unit. *: This is the weighted value calculated from the raw data of all individuals. Maximum of total fecundity = 576 Maximum of daily fecundity = 28 Minimum of non-zero fecundity = 258 observed for female no. 3 Maximum of adult age-specific fecundity = 17 at "adult" age 80 Mean of preadult duration of females = 26,4 Maximum of age-specific fecundity = 17 at age 106,4 (Preadult duration = 26,4 ) Ovi-units = Oviposition time units ***************************************************************************************************************** Note well! These means (except the total fecundity, oviposition units, and adult units) are calculated based on the assumption that all females emerged at the same time and they have been used as adult age-specific fecundities m(x) in many papers based on the female age-specific life tables (Lewis 1942, Leslie 1945, Birch 1948, Carey 1993, etc.). However, the developmental rate varies among individuals and this variation always results in significant overlapping of stages. Therefore, these daily mean fecundities are NOT the true age-specific fecundities and should not be used to calculate the intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate, net reproductive rate, mean generation time or to simulate the population growth. ***************************************************************************************************************** The sum of age-specific mean fecundity is: 573,3349 It is usually DIFFERENT from the female mean fecundity, i.e. 444,2 .(If they are the same, it is only a rare coincidence.) The calculation of the adult age-specific mean fecundity here includes ONLY those individuals survived to female adult. Thus, the preadult mortality is ignored. Therefore, it is similar to Sum[l(x)*m(x)] with preadult survival rate l(x)=1. According to Chi and Su (2006), for the female age-specific life table without preadult mortality, the net reproductive Sum[l(x)*m(x)] should equal the mean female fecundity (F). This inconsistency shows that the age-specific fecundity m(x) based on the adult age is wrong and should NOT be used. References: Chi, H. and H. Liu. 1985. Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bull. Inst. Zool. Acad. Sin. 24: 225-240. Chi, H. 1988. Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals. Environmental Entomology 17: 26-34. Chi, H. and H. Y. Su. 2006. Age-stage, two-sex life tables of Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and its host Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) with mathematical proof of the relationship between female fecundity and the net reproductive rate. Environmental Entomology 35(1): 10-21. Huang, Y. B. and H. Chi. 2012. Age-stage, two-sex life tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a discussion on the problem of applying female age-specific life tables to insect populations. Insect Science 19: 263-273. Huang, Y. B. and H. Chi. 2013. Life tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae): with an invalidation of the jackknife technique. Journal of Applied Entomology 137: 327-339. Huang, H. W., H. Chi, and C. L. Smith. 2018. Linking demography and consumption of Henosepilachna vigintiocto- -punctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on Solanum photeinocarpum: with a new method to project the uncertainty of population growth and consumption. Journal of Economic Entomology. 111(1): 1-9. Page 14 Table 3. APOP (or APRP) and TPOP (or TPRP) of each reproduced female (APOP: Adult pre-oviposition period of female adult) (APRP: Adult pre-reproduction period of female adult) (TPOP: Total pre-oviposition period of female counted from birth) (TPRP: Total pre-reproduction period of female counted from birth) If your insects lay eggs, you should use APOP and TPOP. If your insects don't lay eggs, you should use APRP and TPRP. =================================== Indiv. no. APOP/APRP TPOP/TPRP ----------------------------------- 1 8 37 3 16 42 5 8 35 7 10 37 10 9 33 11 7 30 16 9 37 17 8 33 18 8 35 19 9 37 ----------------------------------- N 10 10 ----------------------------------- Min 7 30 ----------------------------------- Max 16 42 ----------------------------------- Mean 9,2 35,6 ----------------------------------- S.D. 2,5298 3,2387 ----------------------------------- S.E. 0,8 1,0242 ----------------------------------- Note well! The APOP is calculated based on the adult stage. It assumes all females emerged at the same time. This pre-oviposition period ignores the length of the preadult stage. It should be used with caution. The TPOP takes the total preadult stage into consideration. The TPOP is the true pre-oviposition period. It can be used to show the effect of first egg-producing age on the reproductive value. But it is not necessarily in coincidence with the maximum of reproductive value. Page 15 Table 4. Age-specific fecundity of each female individual from age 0 ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 0-<1 1-<2 2-<3 3-<4 4-<5 5-<6 6-<7 7-<8 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - - 7 - - - - - - - - 10 - - - - - - - - 11 - - - - - - - - 16 - - - - - - - - 17 - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - 19 - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 16 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 8-<9 9-<10 10-<11 11-<12 12-<13 13-<14 14-<15 15-<16 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - - 7 - - - - - - - - 10 - - - - - - - - 11 - - - - - - - - 16 - - - - - - - - 17 - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - 19 - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 17 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 16-<17 17-<18 18-<19 19-<20 20-<21 21-<22 22-<23 23-<24 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - 5 - - - - - - - - 7 - - - - - - - - 10 - - - - - - - - 11 - - - - - - - 0 16 - - - - - - - - 17 - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - - - - - 19 - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female - - - - - - 0 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 23 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean - - - - - - - 0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 18 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 24-<25 25-<26 26-<27 27-<28 28-<29 29-<30 30-<31 31-<32 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - - - - - 0 0 0 3 - - 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 - - - 0 0 0 0 0 7 - - - 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 16 - - - - 0 0 0 0 17 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 - - - 0 0 0 0 0 19 - - - - 0 0 0 0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 2 3 4 7 9 10 10 10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,2 0,2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,6325 0,6325 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,2 0,2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 19 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 32-<33 33-<34 34-<35 35-<36 36-<37 37-<38 38-<39 39-<40 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 11 6 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 1 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 10 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 11 11 13 3 15 11 0 25 7 16 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 0 17 0 6 3 7 5 0 12 0 18 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 11 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 1,1 2 0,6 3 1,7 1,5 6,2 2,5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 3,4785 4,2947 1,2649 4,9216 3,6225 2,6771 7,9554 4,0069 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 1,1 1,3581 0,4 1,5563 1,1455 0,8466 2,5157 1,2671 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 20 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 40-<41 41-<42 42-<43 43-<44 44-<45 45-<46 46-<47 47-<48 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 0 0 8 16 17 22 14 13 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 0 0 1 0 1 0 3 7 0 0 15 8 0 14 24 9 10 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 5 11 12 9 7 2 5 13 9 7 16 0 4 8 9 12 7 7 0 17 6 3 12 6 0 13 16 8 18 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 4 19 0 0 13 12 7 13 22 11 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 2,3 1,6 6,4 5,4 4,4 8,3 9,5 6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 3,9455 2,9889 5,8348 5,7194 5,9479 7,8038 9,0952 4,397 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 1,2477 0,9452 1,8451 1,8086 1,8809 2,4678 2,8761 1,3904 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 21 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 48-<49 49-<50 50-<51 51-<52 52-<53 53-<54 54-<55 55-<56 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 0 1 8 6 10 3 12 4 3 0 0 1 0 10 11 8 16 5 0 0 2 6 2 0 6 6 7 7 11 15 5 10 12 21 16 10 1 2 6 10 3 0 1 1 11 16 1 8 10 6 10 8 12 16 0 4 3 5 7 11 8 10 17 11 8 12 6 8 11 15 14 18 0 1 3 8 3 0 1 6 19 0 1 8 15 10 7 20 10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 18 18 18 18 18 18 17 17 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 3,5 2,9 6,6 7,1 6,9 6,5 10 9,5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 5,8166 3,7253 4,5265 3,9847 3,2472 5,1908 6,9921 5,1478 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 1,8394 1,178 1,4314 1,2601 1,0269 1,6415 2,2111 1,6279 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 22 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 56-<57 57-<58 58-<59 59-<60 60-<61 61-<62 62-<63 63-<64 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 3 9 5 17 9 7 7 4 3 12 12 11 14 11 11 16 20 5 0 10 0 0 9 8 16 10 7 0 23 16 0 28 0 22 23 10 1 9 2 0 1 0 4 7 11 5 13 0 15 6 16 14 10 16 13 8 14 10 11 9 7 12 17 0 18 8 0 17 0 22 20 18 0 9 1 0 1 8 10 9 19 6 17 10 9 23 0 16 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 4 12,8 6,7 6,5 11,6 5,9 13,4 11,9 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 4,9889 4,9844 5,9451 7,215 8,8091 5,646 6,2397 6,8223 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 1,5776 1,5762 1,88 2,2816 2,7857 1,7854 1,9732 2,1574 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 23 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 64-<65 65-<66 66-<67 67-<68 68-<69 69-<70 70-<71 71-<72 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 7 16 9 15 6 17 11 13 3 12 12 14 12 10 15 14 5 5 12 13 0 23 0 5 2 0 7 12 11 13 17 5 22 11 12 10 6 4 2 1 0 0 9 21 11 3 14 17 8 8 14 3 0 16 18 12 13 10 16 10 14 9 17 8 13 17 8 7 20 7 0 18 10 8 1 12 0 3 5 0 19 12 16 9 13 6 11 17 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 10 11,9 9,5 11,9 5,8 11,7 9,3 6,4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 4,1899 3,6347 6,4679 5,8963 5,0509 7,3037 5,0122 7,1988 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 1,325 1,1494 2,0453 1,8646 1,5972 2,3096 1,585 2,2764 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 24 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 72-<73 73-<74 74-<75 75-<76 76-<77 77-<78 78-<79 79-<80 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 4 12 9 18 3 21 10 9 3 6 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 21 10 9 11 13 11 5 19 7 20 14 11 22 0 26 0 0 10 15 9 14 12 14 13 16 17 11 13 11 12 13 7 7 12 11 16 8 7 11 2 0 0 0 7 17 16 12 10 14 0 16 6 5 18 20 10 14 11 13 11 5 16 19 20 12 11 20 0 22 9 0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 16 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 14,3 10,1 10,1 12,3 5 12,7 6,3 8,4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 6,343 2,8848 3,9567 7,0719 6,1644 8,845 5,4782 7,2755 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 2,0058 0,9123 1,2512 2,2363 1,9494 2,797 1,7324 2,3007 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 25 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 80-<81 81-<82 82-<83 83-<84 84-<85 85-<86 86-<87 87-<88 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 14 5 3 13 7 4 4 15 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 16 7 13 3 5 8 8 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 d 10 5 17 8 14 15 14 8 13 11 5 9 2 10 4 10 0 8 16 0 0 10 7 2 0 6 0 17 0 3 0 5 0 5 0 4 18 0 15 7 14 14 3 8 10 19 7 3 0 4 7 0 4 0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 16 16 16 16 16 16 15 15 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 3,1 6,8 3,7 8 5,2 4,1 4,22 6,44 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 4,7011 6,925 3,9172 5,5777 5,5538 4,7481 3,5277 5,747 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 1,4866 2,1899 1,2387 1,7638 1,7563 1,5015 1,1759 1,9157 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 26 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 88-<89 89-<90 90-<91 91-<92 92-<93 93-<94 94-<95 95-<96 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 0 8 0 0 4 5 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 d 5 10 6 5 12 5 8 2 7 7 10 15 10 8 17 15 4 20 10 11 1 14 8 0 11 6 0 3 16 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 17 0 7 4 0 0 0 0 0 18 15 13 7 14 10 6 11 13 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 d ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 9 9 9 9 9 8 7 7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 15 15 15 15 15 14 12 12 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 4,56 6,44 3,56 5,11 5 3,62 4,71 4,71 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 6,7474 5,4798 3,6094 7,0966 5,7228 3,2043 7,8467 5,3452 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 2,2491 1,8266 1,2031 2,3655 1,9076 1,1329 2,9658 2,0203 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 27 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 96-<97 97-<98 98-<99 99-<100 100-<101 101-<102 102-<103 103-<104 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 4 1 2 0 0 0 d 3 5 7 2 d 7 10 18 10 17 6 16 9 9 8 11 0 11 0 d 16 1 0 0 d 17 0 0 d 18 15 7 8 3 8 9 8 9 19 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 7 7 5 3 3 3 2 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 12 12 10 7 7 7 5 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 6,43 4,43 5,4 3 8 6 8,5 8,5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 7,3679 4,7909 7,2664 3 8 5,1962 0,7071 0,7071 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 2,7848 1,8108 3,2496 1,7321 4,6188 3 0,5 0,5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 28 Table 4 (Continued) ==================================================================================================== Indiv. Age interval no. 104-<105 105-<106 106-<107 107-<108 108-<109 109-<110 110-<111 111-<112 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 3 5 7 10 17 7 11 14 4 8 11 5 d 11 16 17 18 7 4 d 19 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Female 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mean 12 5,5 11 14 4 8 11 5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.D. 7,0711 2,1213 - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S.E. 5 1,5 - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- d - dead. Page 29 Table 4 (Continued) ============================================= Indiv. Age interval no. Total Ovi-units Adult --------------------------------------------- 1 488 54 73 3 258 24 67 5 368 47 71 7 477 33 59 10 576 64 88 11 558 61 76 16 354 42 71 17 454 45 73 18 449 57 79 19 460 42 66 --------------------------------------------- Female 10 10 10 --------------------------------------------- Total 10 10 10 --------------------------------------------- Mean 444,2 46,9 72,3 --------------------------------------------- S.D. 95,63 12,53 7,85 --------------------------------------------- S.E. 30,239 3,962 2,481 --------------------------------------------- d - dead. Maximum life-long fecundity = 576 (individual no. 10) Maximum of female age-specific mean fecundity [f(x,j)] = 14,3 at age 72 Ovi-units = Number of time units that individual produced offspring *********************************************************************************** Note well! These are the TRUE age-specific fecundities of females with age indexed from birth. You can see the differences between Table 2 and Table 4. The maximum of the age-specific fecunity is completely consistent with that in matrix Ft(x,j). ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If you use the female age-specific life table and construct the m(x) based on adult age (Table 2), the the maximum m(x) will be at age 106,4 , which is generally different from the age of max. F(x,j) counted from birth (i.e., 72 ) *********************************************************************************** Attention! The problem is not "how different", it is a matter of right and wrong. *********************************************************************************** Page 30 Table 5. Age-stage-specific survival - Actual number (Matrix N) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 23 - - - - - - - 1 23 - - - - - - - 2 23 - - - - - - - 3 23 - - - - - - - 4 23 - - - - - - - 5 23 - - - - - - - 6 23 - - - - - - - 7 23 - - - - - - - 8 22 1 - - - - - - 9 20 3 - - - - - - 10 - 23 - - - - - - 11 - 23 - - - - - - 12 - 18 5 - - - - - 13 - 6 16 1 - - - - 14 - 1 15 7 - - - - 15 - - 5 17 1 - - - 16 - - 1 13 9 - - - 17 - - - 8 15 - - - 18 - - - 3 19 1 - - 19 - - - 1 19 2 - - 20 - - - - 14 8 - - 21 - - - - 8 13 - - 22 - - - - 3 18 - - 23 - - - - 1 18 1 - 24 - - - - 1 17 2 - 25 - - - - 1 14 3 2 26 - - - - - 9 4 6 27 - - - - - 4 7 8 28 - - - - - 2 9 8 29 - - - - - - 10 9 30 - - - - - - 10 8 31 - - - - - - 10 8 32 - - - - - - 10 8 33 - - - - - - 10 8 34 - - - - - - 10 8 35 - - - - - - 10 8 36 - - - - - - 10 8 37 - - - - - - 10 8 38 - - - - - - 10 8 39 - - - - - - 10 8 40 - - - - - - 10 8 41 - - - - - - 10 8 42 - - - - - - 10 8 43 - - - - - - 10 8 44 - - - - - - 10 8 45 - - - - - - 10 8 46 - - - - - - 10 8 47 - - - - - - 10 8 48 - - - - - - 10 8 49 - - - - - - 10 8 50 - - - - - - 10 8 51 - - - - - - 10 8 52 - - - - - - 10 8 53 - - - - - - 10 8 54 - - - - - - 10 7 55 - - - - - - 10 7 56 - - - - - - 10 7 57 - - - - - - 10 7 58 - - - - - - 10 7 59 - - - - - - 10 7 60 - - - - - - 10 7 61 - - - - - - 10 7 62 - - - - - - 10 7 63 - - - - - - 10 7 64 - - - - - - 10 7 65 - - - - - - 10 7 66 - - - - - - 10 7 67 - - - - - - 10 7 68 - - - - - - 10 7 69 - - - - - - 10 7 70 - - - - - - 10 7 71 - - - - - - 10 7 72 - - - - - - 10 7 73 - - - - - - 10 7 74 - - - - - - 10 7 75 - - - - - - 10 7 76 - - - - - - 10 7 77 - - - - - - 10 7 78 - - - - - - 10 7 79 - - - - - - 10 6 80 - - - - - - 10 6 81 - - - - - - 10 6 82 - - - - - - 10 6 83 - - - - - - 10 6 84 - - - - - - 10 6 85 - - - - - - 10 6 86 - - - - - - 9 6 87 - - - - - - 9 6 88 - - - - - - 9 6 89 - - - - - - 9 6 90 - - - - - - 9 6 91 - - - - - - 9 6 92 - - - - - - 9 6 93 - - - - - - 8 6 94 - - - - - - 7 5 95 - - - - - - 7 5 96 - - - - - - 7 5 97 - - - - - - 7 5 98 - - - - - - 5 5 99 - - - - - - 3 4 100 - - - - - - 3 4 101 - - - - - - 3 4 102 - - - - - - 2 3 103 - - - - - - 2 2 104 - - - - - - 2 1 105 - - - - - - 2 1 106 - - - - - - 1 - 107 - - - - - - 1 - 108 - - - - - - 1 - 109 - - - - - - 1 - 110 - - - - - - 1 - 111 - - - - - - 1 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- All individuals are dead on 112 days. Sum[n(x,j)]= 1847. This is the mean longevity of all individuals. (Sum[n(x,j)]/23= 80,304347826087. It is the mean longevity. Page 31 Table 6. Age-stage-specific survival - Actual number (Matrix N) with sum ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male Sum (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 23 - - - - - - - 23 1 23 - - - - - - - 23 2 23 - - - - - - - 23 3 23 - - - - - - - 23 4 23 - - - - - - - 23 5 23 - - - - - - - 23 6 23 - - - - - - - 23 7 23 - - - - - - - 23 8 22 1 - - - - - - 23 9 20 3 - - - - - - 23 10 - 23 - - - - - - 23 11 - 23 - - - - - - 23 12 - 18 5 - - - - - 23 13 - 6 16 1 - - - - 23 14 - 1 15 7 - - - - 23 15 - - 5 17 1 - - - 23 16 - - 1 13 9 - - - 23 17 - - - 8 15 - - - 23 18 - - - 3 19 1 - - 23 19 - - - 1 19 2 - - 22 20 - - - - 14 8 - - 22 21 - - - - 8 13 - - 21 22 - - - - 3 18 - - 21 23 - - - - 1 18 1 - 20 24 - - - - 1 17 2 - 20 25 - - - - 1 14 3 2 20 26 - - - - - 9 4 6 19 27 - - - - - 4 7 8 19 28 - - - - - 2 9 8 19 29 - - - - - - 10 9 19 30 - - - - - - 10 8 18 31 - - - - - - 10 8 18 32 - - - - - - 10 8 18 33 - - - - - - 10 8 18 34 - - - - - - 10 8 18 35 - - - - - - 10 8 18 36 - - - - - - 10 8 18 37 - - - - - - 10 8 18 38 - - - - - - 10 8 18 39 - - - - - - 10 8 18 40 - - - - - - 10 8 18 41 - - - - - - 10 8 18 42 - - - - - - 10 8 18 43 - - - - - - 10 8 18 44 - - - - - - 10 8 18 45 - - - - - - 10 8 18 46 - - - - - - 10 8 18 47 - - - - - - 10 8 18 48 - - - - - - 10 8 18 49 - - - - - - 10 8 18 50 - - - - - - 10 8 18 51 - - - - - - 10 8 18 52 - - - - - - 10 8 18 53 - - - - - - 10 8 18 54 - - - - - - 10 7 17 55 - - - - - - 10 7 17 56 - - - - - - 10 7 17 57 - - - - - - 10 7 17 58 - - - - - - 10 7 17 59 - - - - - - 10 7 17 60 - - - - - - 10 7 17 61 - - - - - - 10 7 17 62 - - - - - - 10 7 17 63 - - - - - - 10 7 17 64 - - - - - - 10 7 17 65 - - - - - - 10 7 17 66 - - - - - - 10 7 17 67 - - - - - - 10 7 17 68 - - - - - - 10 7 17 69 - - - - - - 10 7 17 70 - - - - - - 10 7 17 71 - - - - - - 10 7 17 72 - - - - - - 10 7 17 73 - - - - - - 10 7 17 74 - - - - - - 10 7 17 75 - - - - - - 10 7 17 76 - - - - - - 10 7 17 77 - - - - - - 10 7 17 78 - - - - - - 10 7 17 79 - - - - - - 10 6 16 80 - - - - - - 10 6 16 81 - - - - - - 10 6 16 82 - - - - - - 10 6 16 83 - - - - - - 10 6 16 84 - - - - - - 10 6 16 85 - - - - - - 10 6 16 86 - - - - - - 9 6 15 87 - - - - - - 9 6 15 88 - - - - - - 9 6 15 89 - - - - - - 9 6 15 90 - - - - - - 9 6 15 91 - - - - - - 9 6 15 92 - - - - - - 9 6 15 93 - - - - - - 8 6 14 94 - - - - - - 7 5 12 95 - - - - - - 7 5 12 96 - - - - - - 7 5 12 97 - - - - - - 7 5 12 98 - - - - - - 5 5 10 99 - - - - - - 3 4 7 100 - - - - - - 3 4 7 101 - - - - - - 3 4 7 102 - - - - - - 2 3 5 103 - - - - - - 2 2 4 104 - - - - - - 2 1 3 105 - - - - - - 2 1 3 106 - - - - - - 1 - 1 107 - - - - - - 1 - 1 108 - - - - - - 1 - 1 109 - - - - - - 1 - 1 110 - - - - - - 1 - 1 111 - - - - - - 1 - 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- All individuals are dead on 112 days. Sum[n(x,j)]= 1847. This is the mean longevity of all individuals. (Sum[n(x,j)]/23= 80,304347826087. It is the mean longevity. Page 32 Table 7. Age-stage-specific growth probability g(x,j) (Matrix G) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1 - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - - 2 1 - - - - - - - 3 1 - - - - - - - 4 1 - - - - - - - 5 1 - - - - - - - 6 1 - - - - - - - 7 0,9565 - - - - - - - 8 0,9091 1 - - - - - - 9 0 1 - - - - - - 10 - 1 - - - - - - 11 - 0,7826 - - - - - - 12 - 0,3333 0,8 - - - - - 13 - 0,1667 0,625 1 - - - - 14 - 0 0,2667 0,8571 - - - - 15 - - 0,2 0,5294 1 - - - 16 - - 0 0,5385 1 - - - 17 - - - 0,375 0,9333 - - - 18 - - - 0,3333 0,8947 1 - - 19 - - - 0 0,6842 1 - - 20 - - - - 0,5714 1 - - 21 - - - - 0,375 1 - - 22 - - - - 0,3333 0,8889 - - 23 - - - - 1 0,9444 1 - 24 - - - - 1 0,8235 1 - 25 - - - - 0 0,5714 1 0,5 26 - - - - - 0,4444 1 1 27 - - - - - 0,5 1 1 28 - - - - - 0 1 1 29 - - - - - - 1 0,8889 30 - - - - - - 1 1 31 - - - - - - 1 1 32 - - - - - - 1 1 33 - - - - - - 1 1 34 - - - - - - 1 1 35 - - - - - - 1 1 36 - - - - - - 1 1 37 - - - - - - 1 1 38 - - - - - - 1 1 39 - - - - - - 1 1 40 - - - - - - 1 1 41 - - - - - - 1 1 42 - - - - - - 1 1 43 - - - - - - 1 1 44 - - - - - - 1 1 45 - - - - - - 1 1 46 - - - - - - 1 1 47 - - - - - - 1 1 48 - - - - - - 1 1 49 - - - - - - 1 1 50 - - - - - - 1 1 51 - - - - - - 1 1 52 - - - - - - 1 1 53 - - - - - - 1 0,875 54 - - - - - - 1 1 55 - - - - - - 1 1 56 - - - - - - 1 1 57 - - - - - - 1 1 58 - - - - - - 1 1 59 - - - - - - 1 1 60 - - - - - - 1 1 61 - - - - - - 1 1 62 - - - - - - 1 1 63 - - - - - - 1 1 64 - - - - - - 1 1 65 - - - - - - 1 1 66 - - - - - - 1 1 67 - - - - - - 1 1 68 - - - - - - 1 1 69 - - - - - - 1 1 70 - - - - - - 1 1 71 - - - - - - 1 1 72 - - - - - - 1 1 73 - - - - - - 1 1 74 - - - - - - 1 1 75 - - - - - - 1 1 76 - - - - - - 1 1 77 - - - - - - 1 1 78 - - - - - - 1 0,8571 79 - - - - - - 1 1 80 - - - - - - 1 1 81 - - - - - - 1 1 82 - - - - - - 1 1 83 - - - - - - 1 1 84 - - - - - - 1 1 85 - - - - - - 0,9 1 86 - - - - - - 1 1 87 - - - - - - 1 1 88 - - - - - - 1 1 89 - - - - - - 1 1 90 - - - - - - 1 1 91 - - - - - - 1 1 92 - - - - - - 0,8889 1 93 - - - - - - 0,875 0,8333 94 - - - - - - 1 1 95 - - - - - - 1 1 96 - - - - - - 1 1 97 - - - - - - 0,7143 1 98 - - - - - - 0,6 0,8 99 - - - - - - 1 1 100 - - - - - - 1 1 101 - - - - - - 0,6667 0,75 102 - - - - - - 1 0,6667 103 - - - - - - 1 0,5 104 - - - - - - 1 1 105 - - - - - - 0,5 0 106 - - - - - - 1 - 107 - - - - - - 1 - 108 - - - - - - 1 - 109 - - - - - - 1 - 110 - - - - - - 1 - 111 - - - - - - 0 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- g(x,j) is the transition probability that individuals of (x,j) will be in (x+1,j) after 1 time unit. (Sum[n(x,j)]/23= 80,304347826087. It is the mean longevity. Page 33 Table 8. Age-stage-specific growth number (Matrix Ng) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 23 - - - - - - - 1 23 - - - - - - - 2 23 - - - - - - - 3 23 - - - - - - - 4 23 - - - - - - - 5 23 - - - - - - - 6 23 - - - - - - - 7 22 - - - - - - - 8 20 1 - - - - - - 9 0 3 - - - - - - 10 - 23 - - - - - - 11 - 18 - - - - - - 12 - 6 4 - - - - - 13 - 1 10 1 - - - - 14 - 0 4 6 - - - - 15 - - 1 9 1 - - - 16 - - 0 7 9 - - - 17 - - - 3 14 - - - 18 - - - 1 17 1 - - 19 - - - 0 13 2 - - 20 - - - - 8 8 - - 21 - - - - 3 13 - - 22 - - - - 1 16 - - 23 - - - - 1 17 1 - 24 - - - - 1 14 2 - 25 - - - - 0 8 3 1 26 - - - - - 4 4 6 27 - - - - - 2 7 8 28 - - - - - 0 9 8 29 - - - - - - 10 8 30 - - - - - - 10 8 31 - - - - - - 10 8 32 - - - - - - 10 8 33 - - - - - - 10 8 34 - - - - - - 10 8 35 - - - - - - 10 8 36 - - - - - - 10 8 37 - - - - - - 10 8 38 - - - - - - 10 8 39 - - - - - - 10 8 40 - - - - - - 10 8 41 - - - - - - 10 8 42 - - - - - - 10 8 43 - - - - - - 10 8 44 - - - - - - 10 8 45 - - - - - - 10 8 46 - - - - - - 10 8 47 - - - - - - 10 8 48 - - - - - - 10 8 49 - - - - - - 10 8 50 - - - - - - 10 8 51 - - - - - - 10 8 52 - - - - - - 10 8 53 - - - - - - 10 7 54 - - - - - - 10 7 55 - - - - - - 10 7 56 - - - - - - 10 7 57 - - - - - - 10 7 58 - - - - - - 10 7 59 - - - - - - 10 7 60 - - - - - - 10 7 61 - - - - - - 10 7 62 - - - - - - 10 7 63 - - - - - - 10 7 64 - - - - - - 10 7 65 - - - - - - 10 7 66 - - - - - - 10 7 67 - - - - - - 10 7 68 - - - - - - 10 7 69 - - - - - - 10 7 70 - - - - - - 10 7 71 - - - - - - 10 7 72 - - - - - - 10 7 73 - - - - - - 10 7 74 - - - - - - 10 7 75 - - - - - - 10 7 76 - - - - - - 10 7 77 - - - - - - 10 7 78 - - - - - - 10 6 79 - - - - - - 10 6 80 - - - - - - 10 6 81 - - - - - - 10 6 82 - - - - - - 10 6 83 - - - - - - 10 6 84 - - - - - - 10 6 85 - - - - - - 9 6 86 - - - - - - 9 6 87 - - - - - - 9 6 88 - - - - - - 9 6 89 - - - - - - 9 6 90 - - - - - - 9 6 91 - - - - - - 9 6 92 - - - - - - 8 6 93 - - - - - - 7 5 94 - - - - - - 7 5 95 - - - - - - 7 5 96 - - - - - - 7 5 97 - - - - - - 5 5 98 - - - - - - 3 4 99 - - - - - - 3 4 100 - - - - - - 3 4 101 - - - - - - 2 3 102 - - - - - - 2 2 103 - - - - - - 2 1 104 - - - - - - 2 1 105 - - - - - - 1 0 106 - - - - - - 1 - 107 - - - - - - 1 - 108 - - - - - - 1 - 109 - - - - - - 1 - 110 - - - - - - 1 - 111 - - - - - - 0 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ng(x,j) is the number of individuals of age x and stage j will remain in stage j after 1 time unit. (Sum[n(x,j)]/23= 80,304347826087. It is the mean longevity. Page 34 Table 9. Age-stage-specific development probability d(x,j) (Matrix D) ============================================================================= Age Egg->L1 L1->L2 L2->L3 L3->L4 L4->L5 L5->Fem L5->Mal - (x) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 0,0435 - - - - - - - 8 0,0909 0 - - - - - - 9 1 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 0,2174 - - - - - - 12 - 0,6667 0,2 - - - - - 13 - 0,8333 0,375 0 - - - - 14 - 1 0,7333 0,1429 - - - - 15 - - 0,8 0,4706 0 - - - 16 - - 1 0,4615 0 - - - 17 - - - 0,625 0,0667 - - - 18 - - - 0,6667 0,0526 0 0 - 19 - - - 1 0,3158 0 0 - 20 - - - - 0,3571 0 0 - 21 - - - - 0,625 0 0 - 22 - - - - 0,6667 0,0556 0 - 23 - - - - 0 0,0556 0 - 24 - - - - 0 0,0588 0,1176 - 25 - - - - 1 0,0714 0,3571 - 26 - - - - - 0,3333 0,2222 - 27 - - - - - 0,5 0 - 28 - - - - - 0,5 0,5 - 29 - - - - - - - - 30 - - - - - - - - 31 - - - - - - - - 32 - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - 34 - - - - - - - - 35 - - - - - - - - 36 - - - - - - - - 37 - - - - - - - - 38 - - - - - - - - 39 - - - - - - - - 40 - - - - - - - - 41 - - - - - - - - 42 - - - - - - - - 43 - - - - - - - - 44 - - - - - - - - 45 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - - - - - 47 - - - - - - - - 48 - - - - - - - - 49 - - - - - - - - 50 - - - - - - - - 51 - - - - - - - - 52 - - - - - - - - 53 - - - - - - - - 54 - - - - - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - 56 - - - - - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - 58 - - - - - - - - 59 - - - - - - - - 60 - - - - - - - - 61 - - - - - - - - 62 - - - - - - - - 63 - - - - - - - - 64 - - - - - - - - 65 - - - - - - - - 66 - - - - - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - - - - - 69 - - - - - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - 71 - - - - - - - - 72 - - - - - - - - 73 - - - - - - - - 74 - - - - - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - 77 - - - - - - - - 78 - - - - - - - - 79 - - - - - - - - 80 - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - - - - - 82 - - - - - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - 84 - - - - - - - - 85 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - - - - - 87 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - 91 - - - - - - - - 92 - - - - - - - - 93 - - - - - - - - 94 - - - - - - - - 95 - - - - - - - - 96 - - - - - - - - 97 - - - - - - - - 98 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - 101 - - - - - - - - 102 - - - - - - - - 103 - - - - - - - - 104 - - - - - - - - 105 - - - - - - - - 106 - - - - - - - - 107 - - - - - - - - 108 - - - - - - - - 109 - - - - - - - - 110 - - - - - - - - 111 - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The d(x,j) is the transition probability that individuals of (x,j) will be in (x+1,j+1) after 1 time unit. Pup->Fem and Pup->Mal is the probability from pupa to female and male, respectively. Page 35 Table 10. Age-stage-specific development number nd(x,j) (Matrix Nd) ============================================================================= Age Egg->L1 L1->L2 L2->L3 L3->L4 L4->L5 L5->Fem L5->Mal - (x) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 1 - - - - - - - 8 2 0 - - - - - - 9 20 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 5 - - - - - - 12 - 12 1 - - - - - 13 - 5 6 0 - - - - 14 - 1 11 1 - - - - 15 - - 4 8 0 - - - 16 - - 1 6 0 - - - 17 - - - 5 1 - - - 18 - - - 2 1 0 0 - 19 - - - 1 6 0 0 - 20 - - - - 5 0 0 - 21 - - - - 5 0 0 - 22 - - - - 2 1 0 - 23 - - - - 0 1 0 - 24 - - - - 0 1 2 - 25 - - - - 1 1 5 - 26 - - - - - 3 2 - 27 - - - - - 2 0 - 28 - - - - - 1 1 - 29 - - - - - - - - 30 - - - - - - - - 31 - - - - - - - - 32 - - - - - - - - 33 - - - - - - - - 34 - - - - - - - - 35 - - - - - - - - 36 - - - - - - - - 37 - - - - - - - - 38 - - - - - - - - 39 - - - - - - - - 40 - - - - - - - - 41 - - - - - - - - 42 - - - - - - - - 43 - - - - - - - - 44 - - - - - - - - 45 - - - - - - - - 46 - - - - - - - - 47 - - - - - - - - 48 - - - - - - - - 49 - - - - - - - - 50 - - - - - - - - 51 - - - - - - - - 52 - - - - - - - - 53 - - - - - - - - 54 - - - - - - - - 55 - - - - - - - - 56 - - - - - - - - 57 - - - - - - - - 58 - - - - - - - - 59 - - - - - - - - 60 - - - - - - - - 61 - - - - - - - - 62 - - - - - - - - 63 - - - - - - - - 64 - - - - - - - - 65 - - - - - - - - 66 - - - - - - - - 67 - - - - - - - - 68 - - - - - - - - 69 - - - - - - - - 70 - - - - - - - - 71 - - - - - - - - 72 - - - - - - - - 73 - - - - - - - - 74 - - - - - - - - 75 - - - - - - - - 76 - - - - - - - - 77 - - - - - - - - 78 - - - - - - - - 79 - - - - - - - - 80 - - - - - - - - 81 - - - - - - - - 82 - - - - - - - - 83 - - - - - - - - 84 - - - - - - - - 85 - - - - - - - - 86 - - - - - - - - 87 - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - 89 - - - - - - - - 90 - - - - - - - - 91 - - - - - - - - 92 - - - - - - - - 93 - - - - - - - - 94 - - - - - - - - 95 - - - - - - - - 96 - - - - - - - - 97 - - - - - - - - 98 - - - - - - - - 99 - - - - - - - - 100 - - - - - - - - 101 - - - - - - - - 102 - - - - - - - - 103 - - - - - - - - 104 - - - - - - - - 105 - - - - - - - - 106 - - - - - - - - 107 - - - - - - - - 108 - - - - - - - - 109 - - - - - - - - 110 - - - - - - - - 111 - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The nd(x,j) is the number of individuals of (x,j) will develop to next stage after 1 time unit. Pup->Fem and Pup->Mal is the number from pupa to female and male, respectively. Page 36 Table 11. Age-stage-specific death number (Matrix N-dead) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 0 - - - - - - - 8 0 0 - - - - - - 9 0 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 0 - - - - - - 12 - 0 0 - - - - - 13 - 0 0 0 - - - - 14 - 0 0 0 - - - - 15 - - 0 0 0 - - - 16 - - 0 0 0 - - - 17 - - - 0 0 - - - 18 - - - 0 1 0 - - 19 - - - 0 0 0 - - 20 - - - - 1 0 - - 21 - - - - 0 0 - - 22 - - - - 0 1 - - 23 - - - - 0 0 0 - 24 - - - - 0 0 0 - 25 - - - - 0 0 0 1 26 - - - - - 0 0 0 27 - - - - - 0 0 0 28 - - - - - 0 0 0 29 - - - - - - 0 1 30 - - - - - - 0 0 31 - - - - - - 0 0 32 - - - - - - 0 0 33 - - - - - - 0 0 34 - - - - - - 0 0 35 - - - - - - 0 0 36 - - - - - - 0 0 37 - - - - - - 0 0 38 - - - - - - 0 0 39 - - - - - - 0 0 40 - - - - - - 0 0 41 - - - - - - 0 0 42 - - - - - - 0 0 43 - - - - - - 0 0 44 - - - - - - 0 0 45 - - - - - - 0 0 46 - - - - - - 0 0 47 - - - - - - 0 0 48 - - - - - - 0 0 49 - - - - - - 0 0 50 - - - - - - 0 0 51 - - - - - - 0 0 52 - - - - - - 0 0 53 - - - - - - 0 1 54 - - - - - - 0 0 55 - - - - - - 0 0 56 - - - - - - 0 0 57 - - - - - - 0 0 58 - - - - - - 0 0 59 - - - - - - 0 0 60 - - - - - - 0 0 61 - - - - - - 0 0 62 - - - - - - 0 0 63 - - - - - - 0 0 64 - - - - - - 0 0 65 - - - - - - 0 0 66 - - - - - - 0 0 67 - - - - - - 0 0 68 - - - - - - 0 0 69 - - - - - - 0 0 70 - - - - - - 0 0 71 - - - - - - 0 0 72 - - - - - - 0 0 73 - - - - - - 0 0 74 - - - - - - 0 0 75 - - - - - - 0 0 76 - - - - - - 0 0 77 - - - - - - 0 0 78 - - - - - - 0 1 79 - - - - - - 0 0 80 - - - - - - 0 0 81 - - - - - - 0 0 82 - - - - - - 0 0 83 - - - - - - 0 0 84 - - - - - - 0 0 85 - - - - - - 1 0 86 - - - - - - 0 0 87 - - - - - - 0 0 88 - - - - - - 0 0 89 - - - - - - 0 0 90 - - - - - - 0 0 91 - - - - - - 0 0 92 - - - - - - 1 0 93 - - - - - - 1 1 94 - - - - - - 0 0 95 - - - - - - 0 0 96 - - - - - - 0 0 97 - - - - - - 2 0 98 - - - - - - 2 1 99 - - - - - - 0 0 100 - - - - - - 0 0 101 - - - - - - 1 1 102 - - - - - - 0 1 103 - - - - - - 0 1 104 - - - - - - 0 0 105 - - - - - - 1 1 106 - - - - - - 0 - 107 - - - - - - 0 - 108 - - - - - - 0 - 109 - - - - - - 0 - 110 - - - - - - 0 - 111 - - - - - - 1 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- All individuals are dead on 112 days. Total death = 23. This must equal to the total individuals 23. If one decimal is shown, it is due to rounding-off problem. Page 37 Table 12. Age-stage-specific fecundity f(x,j) (Matrix F) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 0 - - - - - - - 8 0 0 - - - - - - 9 0 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 0 - - - - - - 12 - 0 0 - - - - - 13 - 0 0 0 - - - - 14 - 0 0 0 - - - - 15 - - 0 0 0 - - - 16 - - 0 0 0 - - - 17 - - - 0 0 - - - 18 - - - 0 0 0 - - 19 - - - 0 0 0 - - 20 - - - - 0 0 - - 21 - - - - 0 0 - - 22 - - - - 0 0 - - 23 - - - - 0 0 0 - 24 - - - - 0 0 0 - 25 - - - - 0 0 0 0 26 - - - - - 0 0 0 27 - - - - - 0 0 0 28 - - - - - 0 0 0 29 - - - - - - 0 0 30 - - - - - - 0,2 0 31 - - - - - - 0,2 0 32 - - - - - - 1,1 0 33 - - - - - - 2 0 34 - - - - - - 0,6 0 35 - - - - - - 3 0 36 - - - - - - 1,7 0 37 - - - - - - 1,5 0 38 - - - - - - 6,2 0 39 - - - - - - 2,5 0 40 - - - - - - 2,3 0 41 - - - - - - 1,6 0 42 - - - - - - 6,4 0 43 - - - - - - 5,4 0 44 - - - - - - 4,4 0 45 - - - - - - 8,3 0 46 - - - - - - 9,5 0 47 - - - - - - 6 0 48 - - - - - - 3,5 0 49 - - - - - - 2,9 0 50 - - - - - - 6,6 0 51 - - - - - - 7,1 0 52 - - - - - - 6,9 0 53 - - - - - - 6,5 0 54 - - - - - - 10 0 55 - - - - - - 9,5 0 56 - - - - - - 4 0 57 - - - - - - 12,8 0 58 - - - - - - 6,7 0 59 - - - - - - 6,5 0 60 - - - - - - 11,6 0 61 - - - - - - 5,9 0 62 - - - - - - 13,4 0 63 - - - - - - 11,9 0 64 - - - - - - 10 0 65 - - - - - - 11,9 0 66 - - - - - - 9,5 0 67 - - - - - - 11,9 0 68 - - - - - - 5,8 0 69 - - - - - - 11,7 0 70 - - - - - - 9,3 0 71 - - - - - - 6,4 0 72 - - - - - - 14,3 0 73 - - - - - - 10,1 0 74 - - - - - - 10,1 0 75 - - - - - - 12,3 0 76 - - - - - - 5 0 77 - - - - - - 12,7 0 78 - - - - - - 6,3 0 79 - - - - - - 8,4 0 80 - - - - - - 3,1 0 81 - - - - - - 6,8 0 82 - - - - - - 3,7 0 83 - - - - - - 8 0 84 - - - - - - 5,2 0 85 - - - - - - 4,1 0 86 - - - - - - 4,2222 0 87 - - - - - - 6,4444 0 88 - - - - - - 4,5556 0 89 - - - - - - 6,4444 0 90 - - - - - - 3,5556 0 91 - - - - - - 5,1111 0 92 - - - - - - 5 0 93 - - - - - - 3,625 0 94 - - - - - - 4,7143 0 95 - - - - - - 4,7143 0 96 - - - - - - 6,4286 0 97 - - - - - - 4,4286 0 98 - - - - - - 5,4 0 99 - - - - - - 3 0 100 - - - - - - 8 0 101 - - - - - - 6 0 102 - - - - - - 8,5 0 103 - - - - - - 8,5 0 104 - - - - - - 12 0 105 - - - - - - 5,5 0 106 - - - - - - 11 - 107 - - - - - - 14 - 108 - - - - - - 4 - 109 - - - - - - 8 - 110 - - - - - - 11 - 111 - - - - - - 5 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The f(x,j) is the mean fecundity of individuals of age x and stage j. If one decimal is shown, it is due to rounding-off problem. Page 38 Table 13. Age-stage-specific total fecundity (Matrix Ft(x,j)) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 0 - - - - - - - 8 0 0 - - - - - - 9 0 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 0 - - - - - - 12 - 0 0 - - - - - 13 - 0 0 0 - - - - 14 - 0 0 0 - - - - 15 - - 0 0 0 - - - 16 - - 0 0 0 - - - 17 - - - 0 0 - - - 18 - - - 0 0 0 - - 19 - - - 0 0 0 - - 20 - - - - 0 0 - - 21 - - - - 0 0 - - 22 - - - - 0 0 - - 23 - - - - 0 0 0 - 24 - - - - 0 0 0 - 25 - - - - 0 0 0 0 26 - - - - - 0 0 0 27 - - - - - 0 0 0 28 - - - - - 0 0 0 29 - - - - - - 0 0 30 - - - - - - 2 0 31 - - - - - - 2 0 32 - - - - - - 11 0 33 - - - - - - 20 0 34 - - - - - - 6 0 35 - - - - - - 30 0 36 - - - - - - 17 0 37 - - - - - - 15 0 38 - - - - - - 62 0 39 - - - - - - 25 0 40 - - - - - - 23 0 41 - - - - - - 16 0 42 - - - - - - 64 0 43 - - - - - - 54 0 44 - - - - - - 44 0 45 - - - - - - 83 0 46 - - - - - - 95 0 47 - - - - - - 60 0 48 - - - - - - 35 0 49 - - - - - - 29 0 50 - - - - - - 66 0 51 - - - - - - 71 0 52 - - - - - - 69 0 53 - - - - - - 65 0 54 - - - - - - 100 0 55 - - - - - - 95 0 56 - - - - - - 40 0 57 - - - - - - 128 0 58 - - - - - - 67 0 59 - - - - - - 65 0 60 - - - - - - 116 0 61 - - - - - - 59 0 62 - - - - - - 134 0 63 - - - - - - 119 0 64 - - - - - - 100 0 65 - - - - - - 119 0 66 - - - - - - 95 0 67 - - - - - - 119 0 68 - - - - - - 58 0 69 - - - - - - 117 0 70 - - - - - - 93 0 71 - - - - - - 64 0 72 - - - - - - 143 0 73 - - - - - - 101 0 74 - - - - - - 101 0 75 - - - - - - 123 0 76 - - - - - - 50 0 77 - - - - - - 127 0 78 - - - - - - 63 0 79 - - - - - - 84 0 80 - - - - - - 31 0 81 - - - - - - 68 0 82 - - - - - - 37 0 83 - - - - - - 80 0 84 - - - - - - 52 0 85 - - - - - - 41 0 86 - - - - - - 38 0 87 - - - - - - 58 0 88 - - - - - - 41 0 89 - - - - - - 58 0 90 - - - - - - 32 0 91 - - - - - - 46 0 92 - - - - - - 45 0 93 - - - - - - 29 0 94 - - - - - - 33 0 95 - - - - - - 33 0 96 - - - - - - 45 0 97 - - - - - - 31 0 98 - - - - - - 27 0 99 - - - - - - 9 0 100 - - - - - - 24 0 101 - - - - - - 18 0 102 - - - - - - 17 0 103 - - - - - - 17 0 104 - - - - - - 24 0 105 - - - - - - 11 0 106 - - - - - - 11 - 107 - - - - - - 14 - 108 - - - - - - 4 - 109 - - - - - - 8 - 110 - - - - - - 11 - 111 - - - - - - 5 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sum 0 0 0 0 0 0 4442 0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Ft(x,j) is the total fecundity of all individuals of age x and stage j. It is the total eggs reproduced by the cohort at age x. Ftotal =4442 (Total eggs laid by the whole population). Page 39 Table 14. Age-stage-specific cumulative total fecundity (Matrix Ft,cumu(x,j)) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 0 - - - - - - - 8 0 0 - - - - - - 9 0 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 0 - - - - - - 12 - 0 0 - - - - - 13 - 0 0 0 - - - - 14 - 0 0 0 - - - - 15 - - 0 0 0 - - - 16 - - 0 0 0 - - - 17 - - - 0 0 - - - 18 - - - 0 0 0 - - 19 - - - 0 0 0 - - 20 - - - - 0 0 - - 21 - - - - 0 0 - - 22 - - - - 0 0 - - 23 - - - - 0 0 0 - 24 - - - - 0 0 0 - 25 - - - - 0 0 0 0 26 - - - - - 0 0 0 27 - - - - - 0 0 0 28 - - - - - 0 0 0 29 - - - - - - 0 0 30 - - - - - - 2 0 31 - - - - - - 4 0 32 - - - - - - 15 0 33 - - - - - - 35 0 34 - - - - - - 41 0 35 - - - - - - 71 0 36 - - - - - - 88 0 37 - - - - - - 103 0 38 - - - - - - 165 0 39 - - - - - - 190 0 40 - - - - - - 213 0 41 - - - - - - 229 0 42 - - - - - - 293 0 43 - - - - - - 347 0 44 - - - - - - 391 0 45 - - - - - - 474 0 46 - - - - - - 569 0 47 - - - - - - 629 0 48 - - - - - - 664 0 49 - - - - - - 693 0 50 - - - - - - 759 0 51 - - - - - - 830 0 52 - - - - - - 899 0 53 - - - - - - 964 0 54 - - - - - - 1064 0 55 - - - - - - 1159 0 56 - - - - - - 1199 0 57 - - - - - - 1327 0 58 - - - - - - 1394 0 59 - - - - - - 1459 0 60 - - - - - - 1575 0 61 - - - - - - 1634 0 62 - - - - - - 1768 0 63 - - - - - - 1887 0 64 - - - - - - 1987 0 65 - - - - - - 2106 0 66 - - - - - - 2201 0 67 - - - - - - 2320 0 68 - - - - - - 2378 0 69 - - - - - - 2495 0 70 - - - - - - 2588 0 71 - - - - - - 2652 0 72 - - - - - - 2795 0 73 - - - - - - 2896 0 74 - - - - - - 2997 0 75 - - - - - - 3120 0 76 - - - - - - 3170 0 77 - - - - - - 3297 0 78 - - - - - - 3360 0 79 - - - - - - 3444 0 80 - - - - - - 3475 0 81 - - - - - - 3543 0 82 - - - - - - 3580 0 83 - - - - - - 3660 0 84 - - - - - - 3712 0 85 - - - - - - 3753 0 86 - - - - - - 3791 0 87 - - - - - - 3849 0 88 - - - - - - 3890 0 89 - - - - - - 3948 0 90 - - - - - - 3980 0 91 - - - - - - 4026 0 92 - - - - - - 4071 0 93 - - - - - - 4100 0 94 - - - - - - 4133 0 95 - - - - - - 4166 0 96 - - - - - - 4211 0 97 - - - - - - 4242 0 98 - - - - - - 4269 0 99 - - - - - - 4278 0 100 - - - - - - 4302 0 101 - - - - - - 4320 0 102 - - - - - - 4337 0 103 - - - - - - 4354 0 104 - - - - - - 4378 0 105 - - - - - - 4389 0 106 - - - - - - 4400 - 107 - - - - - - 4414 - 108 - - - - - - 4418 - 109 - - - - - - 4426 - 110 - - - - - - 4437 - 111 - - - - - - 4442 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sum 0 0 0 0 0 0 4442 0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Ft,cumu(x,j) is the cumulative total fecundity of all females to age x. It is the cumulative total eggs reproduced by the cohort to age x. Ftotal =4442 (Total eggs laid by the whole population). Page 40 Table 15. Age-specific cumulative total fecundity. ========================================== Age (x) Cumu. Ftotal Cumu. % ------------------------------------------ 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 0 8 0 0 9 0 0 10 0 0 11 0 0 12 0 0 13 0 0 14 0 0 15 0 0 16 0 0 17 0 0 18 0 0 19 0 0 20 0 0 21 0 0 22 0 0 23 0 0 24 0 0 25 0 0 26 0 0 27 0 0 28 0 0 29 0 0 30 2 0,05 31 4 0,09 32 15 0,34 33 35 0,79 34 41 0,92 35 71 1,6 36 88 1,98 37 103 2,32 38 165 3,71 39 190 4,28 40 213 4,8 41 229 5,16 42 293 6,6 43 347 7,81 44 391 8,8 45 474 10,67 46 569 12,81 47 629 14,16 48 664 14,95 49 693 15,6 50 759 17,09 51 830 18,69 52 899 20,24 53 964 21,7 54 1064 23,95 55 1159 26,09 56 1199 26,99 57 1327 29,87 58 1394 31,38 59 1459 32,85 60 1575 35,46 61 1634 36,79 62 1768 39,8 63 1887 42,48 64 1987 44,73 65 2106 47,41 66 2201 49,55 67 2320 52,23 68 2378 53,53 69 2495 56,17 70 2588 58,26 71 2652 59,7 72 2795 62,92 73 2896 65,2 74 2997 67,47 75 3120 70,24 76 3170 71,36 77 3297 74,22 78 3360 75,64 79 3444 77,53 80 3475 78,23 81 3543 79,76 82 3580 80,59 83 3660 82,4 84 3712 83,57 85 3753 84,49 86 3791 85,34 87 3849 86,65 88 3890 87,57 89 3948 88,88 90 3980 89,6 91 4026 90,63 92 4071 91,65 93 4100 92,3 94 4133 93,04 95 4166 93,79 96 4211 94,8 97 4242 95,5 98 4269 96,11 99 4278 96,31 100 4302 96,85 101 4320 97,25 102 4337 97,64 103 4354 98,02 104 4378 98,56 105 4389 98,81 106 4400 99,05 107 4414 99,37 108 4418 99,46 109 4426 99,64 110 4437 99,89 111 4442 100 ------------------------------------------ Page 41 Table 16. Age-stage-specific survival rate (1-mortality) (Matrix U) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1 - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - - 2 1 - - - - - - - 3 1 - - - - - - - 4 1 - - - - - - - 5 1 - - - - - - - 6 1 - - - - - - - 7 1 - - - - - - - 8 1 1 - - - - - - 9 1 1 - - - - - - 10 - 1 - - - - - - 11 - 1 - - - - - - 12 - 1 1 - - - - - 13 - 1 1 1 - - - - 14 - 1 1 1 - - - - 15 - - 1 1 1 - - - 16 - - 1 1 1 - - - 17 - - - 1 1 - - - 18 - - - 1 0,9474 1 - - 19 - - - 1 1 1 - - 20 - - - - 0,9286 1 - - 21 - - - - 1 1 - - 22 - - - - 1 0,9444 - - 23 - - - - 1 1 1 - 24 - - - - 1 1 1 - 25 - - - - 1 1 1 0,5 26 - - - - - 1 1 1 27 - - - - - 1 1 1 28 - - - - - 1 1 1 29 - - - - - - 1 0,8889 30 - - - - - - 1 1 31 - - - - - - 1 1 32 - - - - - - 1 1 33 - - - - - - 1 1 34 - - - - - - 1 1 35 - - - - - - 1 1 36 - - - - - - 1 1 37 - - - - - - 1 1 38 - - - - - - 1 1 39 - - - - - - 1 1 40 - - - - - - 1 1 41 - - - - - - 1 1 42 - - - - - - 1 1 43 - - - - - - 1 1 44 - - - - - - 1 1 45 - - - - - - 1 1 46 - - - - - - 1 1 47 - - - - - - 1 1 48 - - - - - - 1 1 49 - - - - - - 1 1 50 - - - - - - 1 1 51 - - - - - - 1 1 52 - - - - - - 1 1 53 - - - - - - 1 0,875 54 - - - - - - 1 1 55 - - - - - - 1 1 56 - - - - - - 1 1 57 - - - - - - 1 1 58 - - - - - - 1 1 59 - - - - - - 1 1 60 - - - - - - 1 1 61 - - - - - - 1 1 62 - - - - - - 1 1 63 - - - - - - 1 1 64 - - - - - - 1 1 65 - - - - - - 1 1 66 - - - - - - 1 1 67 - - - - - - 1 1 68 - - - - - - 1 1 69 - - - - - - 1 1 70 - - - - - - 1 1 71 - - - - - - 1 1 72 - - - - - - 1 1 73 - - - - - - 1 1 74 - - - - - - 1 1 75 - - - - - - 1 1 76 - - - - - - 1 1 77 - - - - - - 1 1 78 - - - - - - 1 0,8571 79 - - - - - - 1 1 80 - - - - - - 1 1 81 - - - - - - 1 1 82 - - - - - - 1 1 83 - - - - - - 1 1 84 - - - - - - 1 1 85 - - - - - - 0,9 1 86 - - - - - - 1 1 87 - - - - - - 1 1 88 - - - - - - 1 1 89 - - - - - - 1 1 90 - - - - - - 1 1 91 - - - - - - 1 1 92 - - - - - - 0,8889 1 93 - - - - - - 0,875 0,8333 94 - - - - - - 1 1 95 - - - - - - 1 1 96 - - - - - - 1 1 97 - - - - - - 0,7143 1 98 - - - - - - 0,6 0,8 99 - - - - - - 1 1 100 - - - - - - 1 1 101 - - - - - - 0,6667 0,75 102 - - - - - - 1 0,6667 103 - - - - - - 1 0,5 104 - - - - - - 1 1 105 - - - - - - 0,5 0 106 - - - - - - 1 - 107 - - - - - - 1 - 108 - - - - - - 1 - 109 - - - - - - 1 - 110 - - - - - - 1 - 111 - - - - - - 0 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- u(x,j) is the probability that individuals of age x and stage j will remain alive after 1 time unit. Page 42 Table 17. Age-stage-specific survival number (Matrix Ns) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 23 - - - - - - - 1 23 - - - - - - - 2 23 - - - - - - - 3 23 - - - - - - - 4 23 - - - - - - - 5 23 - - - - - - - 6 23 - - - - - - - 7 23 - - - - - - - 8 22 1 - - - - - - 9 20 3 - - - - - - 10 - 23 - - - - - - 11 - 23 - - - - - - 12 - 18 5 - - - - - 13 - 6 16 1 - - - - 14 - 1 15 7 - - - - 15 - - 5 17 1 - - - 16 - - 1 13 9 - - - 17 - - - 8 15 - - - 18 - - - 3 18 1 - - 19 - - - 1 19 2 - - 20 - - - - 13 8 - - 21 - - - - 8 13 - - 22 - - - - 3 17 - - 23 - - - - 1 18 1 - 24 - - - - 1 17 2 - 25 - - - - 1 14 3 1 26 - - - - - 9 4 6 27 - - - - - 4 7 8 28 - - - - - 2 9 8 29 - - - - - - 10 8 30 - - - - - - 10 8 31 - - - - - - 10 8 32 - - - - - - 10 8 33 - - - - - - 10 8 34 - - - - - - 10 8 35 - - - - - - 10 8 36 - - - - - - 10 8 37 - - - - - - 10 8 38 - - - - - - 10 8 39 - - - - - - 10 8 40 - - - - - - 10 8 41 - - - - - - 10 8 42 - - - - - - 10 8 43 - - - - - - 10 8 44 - - - - - - 10 8 45 - - - - - - 10 8 46 - - - - - - 10 8 47 - - - - - - 10 8 48 - - - - - - 10 8 49 - - - - - - 10 8 50 - - - - - - 10 8 51 - - - - - - 10 8 52 - - - - - - 10 8 53 - - - - - - 10 7 54 - - - - - - 10 7 55 - - - - - - 10 7 56 - - - - - - 10 7 57 - - - - - - 10 7 58 - - - - - - 10 7 59 - - - - - - 10 7 60 - - - - - - 10 7 61 - - - - - - 10 7 62 - - - - - - 10 7 63 - - - - - - 10 7 64 - - - - - - 10 7 65 - - - - - - 10 7 66 - - - - - - 10 7 67 - - - - - - 10 7 68 - - - - - - 10 7 69 - - - - - - 10 7 70 - - - - - - 10 7 71 - - - - - - 10 7 72 - - - - - - 10 7 73 - - - - - - 10 7 74 - - - - - - 10 7 75 - - - - - - 10 7 76 - - - - - - 10 7 77 - - - - - - 10 7 78 - - - - - - 10 6 79 - - - - - - 10 6 80 - - - - - - 10 6 81 - - - - - - 10 6 82 - - - - - - 10 6 83 - - - - - - 10 6 84 - - - - - - 10 6 85 - - - - - - 9 6 86 - - - - - - 9 6 87 - - - - - - 9 6 88 - - - - - - 9 6 89 - - - - - - 9 6 90 - - - - - - 9 6 91 - - - - - - 9 6 92 - - - - - - 8 6 93 - - - - - - 7 5 94 - - - - - - 7 5 95 - - - - - - 7 5 96 - - - - - - 7 5 97 - - - - - - 5 5 98 - - - - - - 3 4 99 - - - - - - 3 4 100 - - - - - - 3 4 101 - - - - - - 2 3 102 - - - - - - 2 2 103 - - - - - - 2 1 104 - - - - - - 2 1 105 - - - - - - 1 0 106 - - - - - - 1 - 107 - - - - - - 1 - 108 - - - - - - 1 - 109 - - - - - - 1 - 110 - - - - - - 1 - 111 - - - - - - 0 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ns(x,j) is the number of individuals of age x and stage j will remain alive 1 time unit. Page 43 Table 18. Survival rate to each age-stage interval (Matrix S) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1 - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - - 2 1 - - - - - - - 3 1 - - - - - - - 4 1 - - - - - - - 5 1 - - - - - - - 6 1 - - - - - - - 7 1 - - - - - - - 8 0,9565 0,0435 - - - - - - 9 0,8696 0,1304 - - - - - - 10 - 1 - - - - - - 11 - 1 - - - - - - 12 - 0,7826 0,2174 - - - - - 13 - 0,2609 0,6957 0,0435 - - - - 14 - 0,0435 0,6522 0,3043 - - - - 15 - - 0,2174 0,7391 0,0435 - - - 16 - - 0,0435 0,5652 0,3913 - - - 17 - - - 0,3478 0,6522 - - - 18 - - - 0,1304 0,8261 0,0435 - - 19 - - - 0,0435 0,8261 0,087 - - 20 - - - - 0,6087 0,3478 - - 21 - - - - 0,3478 0,5652 - - 22 - - - - 0,1304 0,7826 - - 23 - - - - 0,0435 0,7826 0,0435 - 24 - - - - 0,0435 0,7391 0,087 - 25 - - - - 0,0435 0,6087 0,1304 0,087 26 - - - - - 0,3913 0,1739 0,2609 27 - - - - - 0,1739 0,3043 0,3478 28 - - - - - 0,087 0,3913 0,3478 29 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3913 30 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 31 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 32 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 33 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 34 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 35 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 36 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 37 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 38 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 39 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 40 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 41 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 42 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 43 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 44 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 45 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 46 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 47 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 48 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 49 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 50 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 51 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 52 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 53 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3478 54 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 55 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 56 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 57 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 58 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 59 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 60 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 61 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 62 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 63 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 64 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 65 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 66 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 67 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 68 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 69 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 70 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 71 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 72 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 73 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 74 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 75 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 76 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 77 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 78 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,3043 79 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,2609 80 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,2609 81 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,2609 82 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,2609 83 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,2609 84 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,2609 85 - - - - - - 0,4348 0,2609 86 - - - - - - 0,3913 0,2609 87 - - - - - - 0,3913 0,2609 88 - - - - - - 0,3913 0,2609 89 - - - - - - 0,3913 0,2609 90 - - - - - - 0,3913 0,2609 91 - - - - - - 0,3913 0,2609 92 - - - - - - 0,3913 0,2609 93 - - - - - - 0,3478 0,2609 94 - - - - - - 0,3043 0,2174 95 - - - - - - 0,3043 0,2174 96 - - - - - - 0,3043 0,2174 97 - - - - - - 0,3043 0,2174 98 - - - - - - 0,2174 0,2174 99 - - - - - - 0,1304 0,1739 100 - - - - - - 0,1304 0,1739 101 - - - - - - 0,1304 0,1739 102 - - - - - - 0,087 0,1304 103 - - - - - - 0,087 0,087 104 - - - - - - 0,087 0,0435 105 - - - - - - 0,087 0,0435 106 - - - - - - 0,0435 - 107 - - - - - - 0,0435 - 108 - - - - - - 0,0435 - 109 - - - - - - 0,0435 - 110 - - - - - - 0,0435 - 111 - - - - - - 0,0435 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The s(x,j) is the probability that a new-born individual will survive to age x and stage j. s(x,j)=n(x,j)/23 Page 44 Table 19. Mortality of each age-stage-interval (Matrix Q) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 0 - - - - - - - 8 0 0 - - - - - - 9 0 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 0 - - - - - - 12 - 0 0 - - - - - 13 - 0 0 0 - - - - 14 - 0 0 0 - - - - 15 - - 0 0 0 - - - 16 - - 0 0 0 - - - 17 - - - 0 0 - - - 18 - - - 0 0,0526 0 - - 19 - - - 0 0 0 - - 20 - - - - 0,0714 0 - - 21 - - - - 0 0 - - 22 - - - - 0 0,0556 - - 23 - - - - 0 0 0 - 24 - - - - 0 0 0 - 25 - - - - 0 0 0 0,5 26 - - - - - 0 0 0 27 - - - - - 0 0 0 28 - - - - - 0 0 0 29 - - - - - - 0 0,1111 30 - - - - - - 0 0 31 - - - - - - 0 0 32 - - - - - - 0 0 33 - - - - - - 0 0 34 - - - - - - 0 0 35 - - - - - - 0 0 36 - - - - - - 0 0 37 - - - - - - 0 0 38 - - - - - - 0 0 39 - - - - - - 0 0 40 - - - - - - 0 0 41 - - - - - - 0 0 42 - - - - - - 0 0 43 - - - - - - 0 0 44 - - - - - - 0 0 45 - - - - - - 0 0 46 - - - - - - 0 0 47 - - - - - - 0 0 48 - - - - - - 0 0 49 - - - - - - 0 0 50 - - - - - - 0 0 51 - - - - - - 0 0 52 - - - - - - 0 0 53 - - - - - - 0 0,125 54 - - - - - - 0 0 55 - - - - - - 0 0 56 - - - - - - 0 0 57 - - - - - - 0 0 58 - - - - - - 0 0 59 - - - - - - 0 0 60 - - - - - - 0 0 61 - - - - - - 0 0 62 - - - - - - 0 0 63 - - - - - - 0 0 64 - - - - - - 0 0 65 - - - - - - 0 0 66 - - - - - - 0 0 67 - - - - - - 0 0 68 - - - - - - 0 0 69 - - - - - - 0 0 70 - - - - - - 0 0 71 - - - - - - 0 0 72 - - - - - - 0 0 73 - - - - - - 0 0 74 - - - - - - 0 0 75 - - - - - - 0 0 76 - - - - - - 0 0 77 - - - - - - 0 0 78 - - - - - - 0 0,1429 79 - - - - - - 0 0 80 - - - - - - 0 0 81 - - - - - - 0 0 82 - - - - - - 0 0 83 - - - - - - 0 0 84 - - - - - - 0 0 85 - - - - - - 0,1 0 86 - - - - - - 0 0 87 - - - - - - 0 0 88 - - - - - - 0 0 89 - - - - - - 0 0 90 - - - - - - 0 0 91 - - - - - - 0 0 92 - - - - - - 0,1111 0 93 - - - - - - 0,125 0,1667 94 - - - - - - 0 0 95 - - - - - - 0 0 96 - - - - - - 0 0 97 - - - - - - 0,2857 0 98 - - - - - - 0,4 0,2 99 - - - - - - 0 0 100 - - - - - - 0 0 101 - - - - - - 0,3333 0,25 102 - - - - - - 0 0,3333 103 - - - - - - 0 0,5 104 - - - - - - 0 0 105 - - - - - - 0,5 1 106 - - - - - - 0 - 107 - - - - - - 0 - 108 - - - - - - 0 - 109 - - - - - - 0 - 110 - - - - - - 0 - 111 - - - - - - 1 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The q(x,j) is the probability that individuals of age x and stage j will die after 1 time unit. Page 45 Table 20. Distribution of mortality (Matrix P) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 0 - - - - - - - 8 0 0 - - - - - - 9 0 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 0 - - - - - - 12 - 0 0 - - - - - 13 - 0 0 0 - - - - 14 - 0 0 0 - - - - 15 - - 0 0 0 - - - 16 - - 0 0 0 - - - 17 - - - 0 0 - - - 18 - - - 0 0,0435 0 - - 19 - - - 0 0 0 - - 20 - - - - 0,0435 0 - - 21 - - - - 0 0 - - 22 - - - - 0 0,0435 - - 23 - - - - 0 0 0 - 24 - - - - 0 0 0 - 25 - - - - 0 0 0 0,0435 26 - - - - - 0 0 0 27 - - - - - 0 0 0 28 - - - - - 0 0 0 29 - - - - - - 0 0,0435 30 - - - - - - 0 0 31 - - - - - - 0 0 32 - - - - - - 0 0 33 - - - - - - 0 0 34 - - - - - - 0 0 35 - - - - - - 0 0 36 - - - - - - 0 0 37 - - - - - - 0 0 38 - - - - - - 0 0 39 - - - - - - 0 0 40 - - - - - - 0 0 41 - - - - - - 0 0 42 - - - - - - 0 0 43 - - - - - - 0 0 44 - - - - - - 0 0 45 - - - - - - 0 0 46 - - - - - - 0 0 47 - - - - - - 0 0 48 - - - - - - 0 0 49 - - - - - - 0 0 50 - - - - - - 0 0 51 - - - - - - 0 0 52 - - - - - - 0 0 53 - - - - - - 0 0,0435 54 - - - - - - 0 0 55 - - - - - - 0 0 56 - - - - - - 0 0 57 - - - - - - 0 0 58 - - - - - - 0 0 59 - - - - - - 0 0 60 - - - - - - 0 0 61 - - - - - - 0 0 62 - - - - - - 0 0 63 - - - - - - 0 0 64 - - - - - - 0 0 65 - - - - - - 0 0 66 - - - - - - 0 0 67 - - - - - - 0 0 68 - - - - - - 0 0 69 - - - - - - 0 0 70 - - - - - - 0 0 71 - - - - - - 0 0 72 - - - - - - 0 0 73 - - - - - - 0 0 74 - - - - - - 0 0 75 - - - - - - 0 0 76 - - - - - - 0 0 77 - - - - - - 0 0 78 - - - - - - 0 0,0435 79 - - - - - - 0 0 80 - - - - - - 0 0 81 - - - - - - 0 0 82 - - - - - - 0 0 83 - - - - - - 0 0 84 - - - - - - 0 0 85 - - - - - - 0,0435 0 86 - - - - - - 0 0 87 - - - - - - 0 0 88 - - - - - - 0 0 89 - - - - - - 0 0 90 - - - - - - 0 0 91 - - - - - - 0 0 92 - - - - - - 0,0435 0 93 - - - - - - 0,0435 0,0435 94 - - - - - - 0 0 95 - - - - - - 0 0 96 - - - - - - 0 0 97 - - - - - - 0,087 0 98 - - - - - - 0,087 0,0435 99 - - - - - - 0 0 100 - - - - - - 0 0 101 - - - - - - 0,0435 0,0435 102 - - - - - - 0 0,0435 103 - - - - - - 0 0,0435 104 - - - - - - 0 0 105 - - - - - - 0,0435 0,0435 106 - - - - - - 0 - 107 - - - - - - 0 - 108 - - - - - - 0 - 109 - - - - - - 0 - 110 - - - - - - 0 - 111 - - - - - - 0,0435 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The p(x,j) is the probability that a newborn individual will die in age x and stage j. Page 46 Table 21. Distribution of mortality in number (Matrix W) ============================================================================= Age Egg L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Female Male (x) j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 j=5 j=6 j=7 j=8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 - - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - - 2 0 - - - - - - - 3 0 - - - - - - - 4 0 - - - - - - - 5 0 - - - - - - - 6 0 - - - - - - - 7 0 - - - - - - - 8 0 0 - - - - - - 9 0 0 - - - - - - 10 - 0 - - - - - - 11 - 0 - - - - - - 12 - 0 0 - - - - - 13 - 0 0 0 - - - - 14 - 0 0 0 - - - - 15 - - 0 0 0 - - - 16 - - 0 0 0 - - - 17 - - - 0 0 - - - 18 - - - 0 1 0 - - 19 - - - 0 0 0 - - 20 - - - - 1 0 - - 21 - - - - 0 0 - - 22 - - - - 0 1 - - 23 - - - - 0 0 0 - 24 - - - - 0 0 0 - 25 - - - - 0 0 0 1 26 - - - - - 0 0 0 27 - - - - - 0 0 0 28 - - - - - 0 0 0 29 - - - - - - 0 1 30 - - - - - - 0 0 31 - - - - - - 0 0 32 - - - - - - 0 0 33 - - - - - - 0 0 34 - - - - - - 0 0 35 - - - - - - 0 0 36 - - - - - - 0 0 37 - - - - - - 0 0 38 - - - - - - 0 0 39 - - - - - - 0 0 40 - - - - - - 0 0 41 - - - - - - 0 0 42 - - - - - - 0 0 43 - - - - - - 0 0 44 - - - - - - 0 0 45 - - - - - - 0 0 46 - - - - - - 0 0 47 - - - - - - 0 0 48 - - - - - - 0 0 49 - - - - - - 0 0 50 - - - - - - 0 0 51 - - - - - - 0 0 52 - - - - - - 0 0 53 - - - - - - 0 1 54 - - - - - - 0 0 55 - - - - - - 0 0 56 - - - - - - 0 0 57 - - - - - - 0 0 58 - - - - - - 0 0 59 - - - - - - 0 0 60 - - - - - - 0 0 61 - - - - - - 0 0 62 - - - - - - 0 0 63 - - - - - - 0 0 64 - - - - - - 0 0 65 - - - - - - 0 0 66 - - - - - - 0 0 67 - - - - - - 0 0 68 - - - - - - 0 0 69 - - - - - - 0 0 70 - - - - - - 0 0 71 - - - - - - 0 0 72 - - - - - - 0 0 73 - - - - - - 0 0 74 - - - - - - 0 0 75 - - - - - - 0 0 76 - - - - - - 0 0 77 - - - - - - 0 0 78 - - - - - - 0 1 79 - - - - - - 0 0 80 - - - - - - 0 0 81 - - - - - - 0 0 82 - - - - - - 0 0 83 - - - - - - 0 0 84 - - - - - - 0 0 85 - - - - - - 1 0 86 - - - - - - 0 0 87 - - - - - - 0 0 88 - - - - - - 0 0 89 - - - - - - 0 0 90 - - - - - - 0 0 91 - - - - - - 0 0 92 - - - - - - 1 0 93 - - - - - - 1 1 94 - - - - - - 0 0 95 - - - - - - 0 0 96 - - - - - - 0 0 97 - - - - - - 2 0 98 - - - - - - 2 1 99 - - - - - - 0 0 100 - - - - - - 0 0 101 - - - - - - 1 1 102 - - - - - - 0 1 103 - - - - - - 0 1 104 - - - - - - 0 0 105 - - - - - - 1 1 106 - - - - - - 0 - 107 - - - - - - 0 - 108 - - - - - - 0 - 109 - - - - - - 0 - 110 - - - - - - 0 - 111 - - - - - - 1 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The w(x,j) is the number of individuals died in age x and stage j. (For Prof. Dr. Chi and his students only) Page 47 Table 22. Age-specific distribution of mortality AD(x) and number of deaths AD(x): the probability that an individual of age x will die after one age unit. No. dead D(x): Number of individuals of age x will die in age interval x to 0 into account. It is a parameter for fecundity. The oviposition period is the duration from the first to the last oviposition. The percentage of oviposition days is 64,87 %. ************************************************************************* Note well! The variances in this table are calculated by using routine statistics. It is the variance of all individuals. They are different from the results of bootstrap. In the bootstrap, the variance is calculated by using all bootstrap sample means. Thus, it is the variance of all means. *************************************************************************